Revenue Memorandum Circular No. 005-2025


Amends Certain Provisions of Revenue Memorandum Circular Nos. 11-2024, 12-2024, 13-2024 and 19-2024, Provide Clarifications/ Transitory Provisions and to Align them with the Provisions of Republic Act No. 11976, otherwise known as the “Ease of Paying Taxes Act”, its Implementing Rules and Regulations and other Issuances.

Coverage:

  • RMC No. 11-2024 – Clarifies the tax treatment of lease accounting by lessees under Philippine Financial Reporting Standard 16 in relation to Sections 34(A), 34(K), 106, 108, 179,194 of the Tax Code, as amended, Revenue Regulations (RR) No. 19-86, as amended, and RR No. 02-98 as amended;
  • RMC No. 12-2024 – Clarifies the treatment of foreign currency transactions for financial reporting and internal revenue tax purposes;
  • RMC No. 13-2024 – Clarifies the treatment of retirement benefits expense for financial reporting and tax purposesl; and
  • RMC No. 19-2024 – Clarifies the tax treatment of interest expense paid or incurred on indebtedness in connection with the taxpayer’s profession, trade or business and other related matters.

Amendments/Alignment with EOPT Act:

PROVISIONS AFFECTED BY EOPT ACTAMENDMENTS
RMC No. 11-2024 (Lease Accounting by Lesses)RMC No. 11-2024 (Lease Accounting by Lesses)
Q6: What shall be the income tax treatment of initial direct cost paid by the lessee in relation to the lease of an asset?

A6: For purposes of taxation, Inital Direct Costs shall be defined as payments which are directly related to the negotiation and execution of a lease agreement. The initial direct cost paid or incurred by the lessee in relation to the lease agreement shall be claimed as outright expenses in the year it was paid or incurred subject to substantiation and withholding requirements pursuant to Section 34 of the Tax Code, as amended.
Q6: What shall be the income tax treatment of initial direct cost paid by the lessee in relation to the lease of an asset?

A6: For the purpose of taxation, Initial Direct Costs shall be defined as payments which are directly related to the negotiation and execution of a lease agreement. The initial direct cost paid or incurred by the lessee in relation to the lease agreement shall be claimed as outright expenses in the year it was paid or incurred subject to substantiation requirements pursuant to Section 34 (A)(1)(b) of the Tax Code of 1997, as amended.

Furthermore, the same shall be subject to withholding tax pursuant to Section 9 of the Ease of Paying Taxes (EOPT) and Section 7 of RR No. 4-2024, as provided below:

“Section 7. Withholding of Tax at Source. Section 2.57.4 of RR No. 2-98, as amended, shall now read as follows:

‘Section 2.57.4. Time of Withholding. – The obligation of the payor to deduct and withhold the tax under Section 2.57 of these Regulations arises at the time an income has become payable. The term “payable” refers to the date the obligation becomes due, demandable or legally enforceable. The obligation of the payor to deduct withhold the tax arises at the time an income payment is accrued or recorded as an expense or asset, whichever is applicable, in the payor’s books, or at the issuance by the seller of the sales invoice or other adequate document to support such payable, whichever comes first.’

It was however clarified under RMC No. 60-2024 that the non-withholding of tax will no longer be a ground for the disallowance of the claimed deduction/expense for taxable year covering January 1, 2024 onwards.
Q7: What shall be the income tax treatment of expenses paid or incurred by the lessee which are properly for the account of the lessor?

A7: The amounts paid by the lessee for certain expenses, which are properly for the account of the lessor as indicated in the contractual agreement between the parties, shall be allowed as deductions during the year the same has been paid or accrued pursuant to Section 34 of the Tax Code, as amended. Provided, however, that lessor shall issue invoices/receipts in the name of the lessee (e.g., realty tax, association dues, etc.)
Q7: What shall be the income tax treatment of expenses paid or incurred by the lessee which are properly for the account of the lessor?

A7: The amounts paid by the lessee for certain expenses, which are properly for the account of the lessor as indicated in the contractual agreement between the parties, shall be allowed as deductions during the year the same has been paid or accrued pursuant to Section 34 of the Tax Code of 1997 as amended, which shall be properly substantiated with invoices issued by the lessor in the name of the lessee. Thus, it will form part as gross sales of lessor and allowable as deduction on the part of the lessee.
Q12: What are the business tax implications relative to leases?

A12: For business tax purposes, the following guidelines shall still be observed:
1. The corresponding input VAT shall only be creditable to the lessee upon payment of the rentals, which shall be evidenced by a VAT Official Receipt pursuant to Section 110 in relation to Section 113 of the Tax Code as amended.
Q12: What are the business tax implications relative to leases?

A12: For business tax purposes, the following guidelines shall still be observed:
1. The corresponding input VAT shall only be creditable to the lessee for the amount of rentals paid incurred/accrued, which shall be evidenced by a VAT Invoice pursuant to Section 10 in relation to Section 113 of the Tax Code, as amended.
Q13: What are the withholding tax implications of leases?

A13: For contracts considered as leases, only the actual rental paid or accrued shall be subject to five percent (5%) Expanded Withholding Tax (EWT) pursuant to Section 2.57.2 (B) of RR No. 02-98, as amended. Hence, only the actual rental paid or accrued shall be considered as the tax base for EWT purposes, without regard to the depreciation expense from the ROUA.
Q13: What are the withholding tax implications of leases?

A13: The 5% withholding tax under Section 2.27.2 (B) of RR No. 02-98 shall be based on the amount payable which refers to the value paid/accrued or recorded as an expense or asset, whichever is applicable in the payor’s book or at the issuance by the seller of the sales invoice or other adequate document to support such payable whichever comes first pursuant to Section 7 of RR No. 4-2024.
RMC No. 12-2024 (FOREX Transactions)RMC No. 12-2024 (FOREX Transactions)
Q17: What will be the basis for the reportable amount of transactions denominated in foreign currency for taxes other than income tax (e.g., Value Added Tax (VAT), Gross Receipt Tax (GRT), Other Percentage Tax (OPT), Excise Tax, Documentary Stamp Tax (DST), etc)?

A17: Foreign Currency transactions are converted into Philippine Peso using the prevailing spot rate on the date of transaction. This is the basis of the reportable transactions of taxes other than income tax (e.g., VAT, GRT, OPT, Excise, DST, etc.)

For VAT Purposes, the reportable amount for sale of goods or properties shall be the gross selling price or the gross value in money as supported by a corresponding sales invoice; while for sale or exchange of services, including the use or lease of property, it shall be the gross receipts as supported by a corresponding official receipt.

For GRT and OPT, the reportable amount shall be the gross quarterly sales or receipts depending on the type of transaction subject to the said taxes.

For Excise, the reportable amount shall be the excise taxes imposed and based on weight or volume capacity or any other physical unit of measurement (specific tax) and imposed and based on selling price or other specified value of the goods (ad valorem tax) generally before the removal/release of the excisable products.

For DST, the reportable amount shall be based on the value of the documents subject to stamp tax.

For withholding taxes, in general, the reportable amount shall be the value of the taxable income payment at the time it is paid or payable or when it is accrued or recorded as an expense or asset whichever comes first.
Q17: What will be the basis for the reportable amount of transactions denominated in foreign currency for taxes other than income tax (e.g., Value Added Tax (VAT), Gross Receipt Tax (GRT), Other Percentage Tax (OPT), Excise Tax, Documentary Stamp Tax (DST), etc)?

A17: For taxes other than income tax (e.g., VAT,OPT, Excises, DST, etc.), the basis of reportable amount for foreign currency transactions shall be Philippine Peso-converted amount using the prevailing spot rate on the date of transaction.

In determining the date of transaction, the enactment of RA 11976 or EOPT Act shall be taken into consideration which provides the revised bases for the reportable amounts for VAT, OPT and withholding taxes, as follows:

For VAT purposes reportable amount for sale of goods, properties and sale or exchange of services shall be gross sales as supported by a corresponding VAT invoice;

For OPT, the reportable amount shall be the gross quarterly sales depending on the type of transaction subject to the said taxes;

For Excise, the reportable amount shall be:
a) Specific Tax. The excise taxes imposed based on weight or volume capacity or any other physical unit of measurement. b) Ad valorem tax. The excise tax shall be based on selling price or other specified value of goods before the removal/release of excisable products;

For DST the reportable amount shall be based on the value provided in the documents subject to stamp tax; and

For withholding taxes, in general, the reportable amount shall be the value of the taxable income payment at the time it has become payable, accrued or recorded as an expense or asset, whichever is applicable, in the payor’s books, or at the issuance by the seller of the sales invoice or other adequate document to support such payable whichever comes first.
RMC No. 19-2024 (Interest Expense)RMC No. 19-2024 (Interest Expense)
Q1: When can interest expense be claimed as a deduction from gross income?

A1: Interest paid or incurred within a taxable year on indebtedness in connection with the taxpayer’s profession, trade or business shall be allowed as a deduction from gross income, subject to certain limitations, when the following requisites, provided in Section 34 (B)(2) of the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC) of 1997, as amended, and as implemented by Revenue Regulations (RR) No. 13-2000 and Section 7(B) of RR No. 5-2021, are met:

1. The indebtedness must be that of the taxpayer;
2. The interest must have been stipulated in writing;
3. The interest must be legally due;
4. the Interest payment arrangement must not be between related taxpayers as mandated in Sec. 34 (B)(2)(b), in relation to Sec. 36(B), both of the NIRC of 1997, as amended;
5. The interest must not be incurred to finance petroleum operations;
6. The interest was not treated as “capital expenditure” if such interest was incurred in acquiring property used in trade, business or exercise of profession; and
7. The interest shall be reduced to twenty percent (20%) of interest subject to final tax. However if final withholding tax rate on interest income of twenty percent (20%) will be adjusted in the future, the interest reduction shall be adjusted accordingly.

In addition, the taxpayer must have withheld the appropriate tax in order to claim the interest expense as a deduction from gross income.
Q1: When can interest expense be claimed as a deduction from gross income?

A1: Interest paid or incurred within a taxable year on indebtedness in connection with the taxpayer’s profession, trade or business shall be allowed as a deduction from gross income, subject to certain limitations, when the following requisites, provided in Section 34(B)(2) of the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC) of 1997, as amended, and as implemented by RR No. 13-2000 and Section 7(B) of RR No. 5-2021,are met:

1. The indebtedness must be that of the taxpayer;
2. The interest must have been stipulated in writing;
3. The interest must be legally due;
4. The interest payment arrangement must not be between related taxpayers as mandated in Sec. 34(B)(2)(b), in relation to Sec 36(B), both of the NIRC of 1997, as amended;
5. The interest must not be incurred to finance petroleum operations;
6. The interest was not treated as “capital expenditure” if such interest was incurred in acquiring property used in trade, business or exercise of profession; and
7. The interest shall be reduced by an amount equivalent to twenty percent (20%) of interest income subjected to final tax. However, if the final withholding tax rate on interest income of twenty percent (20%) will be adjusted in the future, the interest reduction shall be adjusted accordingly.

The requirement to withhold taxes in order to claim the interest expense as a deduction from the gross income was repealed under Section 5 of the EOPT Act, as implemented by Section 6 of RR No. 4-2024.
As clarified in RMC No. 20-2024, the non-withholding of tax will no longer be a ground for the disallowance of the claimed interest expense for taxable year covering January 1, 2024 onwards. However the obligation of the payor to withhold tax and remit the same under Q9 remains pursuant to Section 9 of the EOPT Act and as implemented by Section 7 of RR No. 4-2024, to wit.

“Section 7. Withholding of Tax at Source. Section 2.56.4 of RR No. 2-98, as amended shall now read as follows:

‘Sec. 2.57.4. Time of Withholding – the obligation of the payor to deduct and withholding the tax under Section 2.57 of these Regulations arises at the time an income has become payable. The term “payable” refers to the date the obligation becomes due, demandable or legally enforceable. The obligation of the payor to deduct and withhold the tax arises at the time an income payment is accrued or recorded as an expense or asset, whichever is applicable, in the payor’s books, or at the issuance by the seller of the sales invoice or other adequate document to support such payable, whichever comes first.’

CLARIFICATIONS/TRANSTORY PROVISIONS:

I. RMC No. 12-2024 (FOREX TRANSACTIONS)

  • Is the use of average rate for a period under Philippine Accounting Standards (PAS) 21 for Foreign Currency Transaction permitted both for Financial Reporting and Tax purposes?
    • No. For tax purposes, foreign currency transactions shall be converted to Philippine Peso using only the spot rate exchange on the date of transaction (e.g., an average rate for a week or a month might be used for all transactions in each foreign currency occurring that period) can be used for practical reasons provided that specific spot rate within the day (opening, closing, high, low or weighted average in a day) has been identified in the sworn statement. However, if exchange rates fluctuate significantly, the use if the average rate for a certain period is inappropriate.

      In the event that in converting foreign currency transactions, the taxpayer used the average rate for a certain period for financial reporting purposes and the spot rate of exchange on the date of the transaction for tax purposes, a reconciliation on foreign exchange (forex) rates used must be documents, during Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) audit.
  • Q2: PAS 21 does not mandate the use of forex rates published exclusively by a specified source for financial reporting purposes. Do taxpayers have an option to choose the source of forex rate to be used in converting foreign currency denominated transactions for tax purposes?
    • Yes. Q&A No. 4 of RMC No. 12-2024 standardizes the forex rates to be used for tax purposes in converting foreign currency denominated transactions to Philippine Peso. It prescribes the use of forex rates from sources that are widely available to the taxpayers and that can be easily accessed by BIR during tax audits. Taxpayers are given freedom to choose the source of forex rates to be used that are deemed appropriate for their foreign currency transactions as long as the conditions under Q&A No. 4 of RMC No. 12-2024 are met.
  • Q3: What shall be the spot rate applicable for transactions that occurred prior to the opening of Banker’s Association of the Philippines (BAP) Rates at 9 AM like transactions between 6 AM to 8AM or before 9AM?
    • For transactions occurring prior to the opening of the BAP Rates, the taxpayer shall use the latest selected spot rate available on the business date immediately preceding the opening of the BAP rates. The use of selected spot rate shall cover the duration up to the cut-off period to avoid multiple use of forex spot rate resulting to various reconciliation. Thus, the duration of the opening/closing spot rate will be up to the next day such shall be included in Sworn Statement for submission to BIR concerned office as a guide for proper calculation during audit.

      Moreover, the taxpayer shall summarize its foreign currency transactions occurring prior to the opening of the BAP rates, adopting the latest selected spot rate available on the business date immediately preceding the opening of the BAP rates. The summary schedules which is necessary to reconcile the date prior to opening of BAP rate shall be made available for presentation and submission during the BIR Audit.
  • Is netting or offsetting of forex gains and losses allowed for income tax purposes?
    • No. The practice of offsetting or netting of separate and distinct transactions, and the accounting and recording of the same and its related/incidental transactions (e.g., forex gains/losses) in the taxpayer’s books, is strictly prohibited for tax purposes.

      Each transaction is considered a separate taxable event, hence, shall be accounted and taxes separately from other transactions. Regardless if there is an offsetting or netting arrangement between parties, the income and expense shall be recorded and taxed separately from each other. Moreover, since losses are among those deductions from Gross Income provided under Section 34 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997 (Tax Code), as amended, such losses (e.g., forex loss) shall not form part of deduction from Gross Sales.
  • What is the deadline for submission of the Notarized Sworn Statement as a Requirement under Q&A No. 4 of RMC 12-2024?
    • The notarized sworn statement informing the concerned BIR offices of electing the use of forex rates other than BAP published rates shall be submitted within 30 days prior to the start of the taxable year. In case of subsequent change in forex rates used, a new notice shall be submitted to the concerned BIT office, which shall be applied from the start of the succeeding taxable year.

      Since RMC No. 12-2024 was issued on January 22, 2024, which is beyond the required period of 30 days prior to the start of the taxable year, taxpayers shall submit the Notarized Sworn Statement to the concerned BIR offices for the selected forex rates for 2024 without penalty/sanction on or before December 31, 2024. In case elected/used forex rates for 2024 with corresponding Sworn Statement is the same for the succeeding year/s, there is no need to re submit a Sworn Statement for the year 2025.

      The template for the Notarized Sworn Statement is attached as Annex “A”.
  • Q6: What is the timeline for Taxpayers who intends to adopt the standardized forex rates under Q&A No. 4 of RMC 12-2024 on their duly registered Computerized Accounting System (CAS) or Computerized Books of Accounts (CBA)?
    • A6: Taxpayers that are using duly registered CAS or CBA need to revisit their system in case alignment is needed in terms of their use of forex rates for financial reporting and what is prescribed as source of forex rates under Q&A No. 4 of RMC 12-2024 for tax purposes. In case the adoption of forex rates will have a direct effect on the financial aspect, the system shall be updated/reconfigured following the existing policies and procedures on system enhancement.

      In order to provide ample time for system reconfiguration adjustments shall be allowed to be undertaken on or before December 31, 2024. In case, system reconfiguration has not been accomplished within December 2024, a request for extension shall be submitted for approval by the Regional Director or Assistant Commissioner-Large Taxpayers Service (LTS) for a period of not more than six (6) months from December 31, 2024.

II. RMC NO. 13-2024 (RETIREMENT BENEFITS)

  • Q1: What is the rationale for the exclusion of entities applying Philippine Financial Reporting Standards (PFRS) for Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs), considering that PFRS for SME allows use of projected unit credit method for Defined Benefit Plans?
    • The RMCs issued by the BIR to address the gaps between the PFRS and the Tax Code only cover the standards under the full PFRS. The PFRS for SMEs and Small Entities were excluded from the coverage since certain standards adopted in the full PFRS are not applicable to PFRS for SMEs and Small Entities. Hence, to avoid any confusion, the BIR initially limited the coverage of the same to full PFRS. Considering however, the manifestation that there are companies (subsidiary, conglomerates, headquarters, branches, etc.) which are required to comply with the rules and standards irrespective of classification, SMEs and/or Small Entities may avail of the provisions of RMC No. 13-2024 on an optional basis and to comply with the required disclosure under PFRS.

      To clarify the coverage, the following definition from the Securities and Exchange Commission Memorandum Circular No. 5, series of 2018 has been adopted.
      • Large and/or Publicly Accountable Entities –
        For the purposes of this Rule, large or publicly accountable entities are hose that meet any of the following criteria:
        • Total Assets of more than P350 Million or total liabilities of more than P250 Million; or
        • Are required to file statements under Part II of SRC Rule 68; or
        • Are in the process of filing their financial statements for the purpose of issuing any class instruments in a public market; or
        • Are holders of secondary licenses issued by regulatory agencies.

          *Mandatorily covered by RMC No. 13-2024 as Full PFRS User
      • Medium-Sized Entities are those that meet all of the following criteria:
        • Total Assets of more than P100 Million to P350 Million or total liabilities of more than P100 Million to P250 Million. If the entity is a parent company, the said amounts shall be based on the consolidated figures;
        • Are not required to file financial statements under Part II of SRC Rule 68;
        • Are not in the process of filing their financial statements for the purpose of issuing any class of instruments in a public market; and
        • Are not holders of secondary licenses issued by regulatory agencies.
      • Small Entities are those that meet all of the following criteria:
        • Total assets of between P3 Million to P100 Million or total liabilities between P3 Million to P100 Million. If the entity is a parent company, the said amounts shall be based on the consolidated figures;
        • Are not required to file financial statements under Part II of SRC Rule 68;
        • Are not in the process of filing their financial statements for the purpose of issuing any class of instruments in public market; and
        • Are not holders of secondary licenses issued by regulatory agencies.

          *The Medium Sized-Entities and Small Entities may avail of the provisions of RMC No. 13-2024 on an optional basis upon compliance with the requirement in disclosure under existing PFRS issuances.
      • Micro Entities are those that meet all of the following criteria:
        • Total assets and liabilities are below P3 Million;
        • Are not required to file financial statements under Part II of SRC Rule 68;
        • Are not in the process of filing their financial statements for the purpose of issuing any class of instruments in a public market; and
        • Are not holders of secondary licenses issued by regulatory agencies.

          Please note that the above entity classification for PFRS purposes is not the same with the taxpayer’s classification under Section 21 of the Tax Code which is based on annual Gross Sales.
  • Q2: In the absence of the actuarial report for funding purposes, can the taxpayer use the current service cost under the actuarial valuation report under PAS 19R as replacement of normal cost?
    • No. In reiteration of Q&A No. 8 of RMC No. 13-2024, there is a difference in the calculation of service/retirement cost under PAS/PFRS and the Tax Code. The current service cost pertains to the amount that the employee earned for his service in the current reporting period while actuarial valuation is an estimate established by an actuary.
  • Q3: If the taxpayer contributed to the retirement fund before the date of filing of a Tax Qualified Plan but within the taxable period of the interim period between the date of filing and issuance of certificate of qualification, can the taxpayer claim the contribution up to normal cost as a deductible expense?
    • No. Employers may deduct their contributions to the retirement fund if they meet the requirements under RA No. 4917, evidenced by a certificate of tax qualification issued by the BIR. Nevertheless, pending employers’ application with the BIT, contributions to the retirement fund are allowed to be deducted from the gross income subject to the subsequent issuance of the said certificate (Q&A No. 12, RMC No. 13-2024). Any contributions made by an employer to the retirement fund before the filing of application for tax qualified plan are not deductible from gross income for income tax purposes.
  • Q4: Can an employee covered by a retirement benefit plan but determined (at the time of retirement) not qualified under the said retirement benefit plan, be covered by RA No. 7641)
    • No. Under RA No. 7641, “in absence of a retirement plan or agreement providing for retirement benefits of employees in the establishment, an employee upon reaching the age of sixty (60) years or more, but not beyond sixty-five (65) years which is hereby declared the compulsory retirement age, who has served at least five (5) years in the said establishment, may retire and shall be entitled to retirement pay equivalent to at least one-half (1/2) month salary for every year of service, a fraction of at least six (6) month being considered as one whole year.” It is clear that an employee may only be entitled to the tax-exempt retirement benefits under RA No. 7641 if his/her employer has no existing retirement plan of which the employee is part of. Accordingly, employees covered by a retirement benefit plan (whether determined as reasonable or not by the BIR) may not avail of the tax exemption benefit provided under RA No. 7641.

      However, in case the concerned employee by the retirement benefit plan of his/her employee is not covered by the retirement plan in the employer’s company (e.g., Collective Bargaining Agreement), then such employee may receive the tax-exempt retirement benefits provided under RA No. 7641.
  • Is an employee who was not included in the retirement benefit plan of the company but qualified under RA No. 7641, authorized to claim exempt benefit?
    • Yes, said employee is entitled to claim an exempt retirement benefit under RA No. 7641 since he/she was not included in the retirement benefit plan and no contribution was made in his behalf for income tax deduction purposes.

IV. GENERAL TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
The taxpayer using official receipts (manual, POS, CRM, CAS, etc.) shall comply with the provisions of Revenue Regulations No. 7-2024 dated March 22, 2024 and other related issuances.

All revenue issuances and BIR Rulings inconsistent herewith are hereby considered amended, modified or revoked accordingly.

Implementing Section 32 (B)(5) of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended by Republic Act. No. 12066, or the CREATE MORE Act

Section 1 Purpose – Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 244 and 245 of the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC) of 1997, as amended, in relation to Section 32 of Republic Act (RA) No. 12066 or the CREATE MORE (Maximize Opportunities for Reinvigorating the Economy) Act, these Regulations are hereby promulgated to implement Section 32(B)(5) of the NIRC, as amended by the said Act which now reads:

“SEC. 32. Gross Income.-

(B) Exclusions from Gross Income. – The following items shall not be Included in the gross income and shall be exempt from taxation under this Title

(5) Income Exempt under Treaty.- Income of any kind, to the extent required by any treaty obligation, including agreements entered into by the President with economies and administrative regions, subject to the concurrence of the Senate, binding upon the Government of the Philippines.

Section 2 Background – Power of the President of the Philippines to Enter into Treaties and International Agreements. – The power of the President of the Philippines to enter into treaties and International agreements is based on the following legal provisions:

  • Section 21 of Article VII (Executive Department) of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, which states that no treaty or international agreement shall be valid and effective unless concurred in by at least two-thirds of all the members of the Senate; and
  • Section 19 of Book III, Title I, Chapter 7 of Executive Order No. 292 (the Administrative Code of 1987), which provides that the President shall exercise such other powers as are provided for the Constitution.

Section 3 Definition of Terms- Words and/or phrases used under these Regulations shall mean:

  • International Agreement – a contract or understanding, regardless of nomenclature, entered into between the Philippines and another government in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments;
  • Treaty – an international agreement entered into by the Philippines that requires legislative concurrence after executive ratification. This term may include compacts like conventions, declarations, covenants, and acts;
  • Government of the Philippines – the corporate governmental entity through which functions of government are exercised throughout the Philippines including, save as the contrary appears from the context, the various arms through which the political authority is made effective in the Philippines, whether pertaining to the autonomous regions, the provincial, city, municipal, or barangay subdivisions, or other forms of local government;
  • Economies – used to describe the members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) because the APEC cooperative process is predominantly concerned with trade and economic issues, with members engaged with one another as economic entities rather than as sovereign nations; and
  • Administrative regions – territorial units that a country is divided in, having an administration with some government functions and powers, and with its jurisdiction covering the total area inside its boarders.

Section 4 Income Exempt under Treaties and International Agreements – Pursuant to Section 32 (B)(5) of the NIRC, as amended by RA No. 12066 or the CREATE MORE Act, income of any kind shall be excluded from the computation of gross income, as defined under Section 32(A) of the NIRC, and shall upon the Government of the Philippines or his/her authorized representative(s), with economies and administrative regions, and duly concurred in by the least two-thirds of all the members of the Senate.

Nothing in these Regulations shall be constructed as recognizing the statehood of such economies and administrative regions, and derogating from whatever policy that the Philippines has agreed to adopt and implement.

Section 5 List of Economies and Administrative Regions – The President or his/her authorized representative(s) shall only negotiate with economies and administrative regions as contained in the list provided by the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA). The indicative list of such economies and administrative regions is attached hereto as Annex “A” and forms an integral part of these Regulations.

Such list shall be regularly updated and/or communicated by the DFA to the Department of Finance (DOF) and the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) as the former deems necessary.

Republic of the Philippines

Congress of the Philippines

Metro Manila

Nineteenth Congress

Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-second day of July, two thousand twenty-four.

[REPUBLIC ACT NO. 12066]

AN ACT AMENDING SECTIONS 27, 28, 32, 34, 57,106, 108, 109, 112, 135, 237, 237-A, 269, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 300, 301, 308, 309, 310, AND 311, AND ADDING NEW SECTIONS 135-A, 295-A, 296-A, AND 297-A OF THE NATIONAL INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1997, AS AMENDED, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:

SECTION 1. Section 27 (A) of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 27. Rates of Income Tax on Domestic Corporations. –

(A) In General. – Except as otherwise provided in this Code, an income tax rate of twenty-five percent (25%) effective July 1, 2020 is hereby imposed upon the taxable income derived during each taxable year from all sources within and without the Philippines by every corporation, as defined in Section 22(B) of this Code and taxable under this Title as a corporation, organized in, or existing under the laws of the Philippines: Provided, That corporations with net taxable income not exceeding Five million pesos (P5,000,000) and with total assets not exceeding One hundred million pesos (P100,000,000), excluding land on which the particular business entity’s office, plant, and equipment are situated during the taxable year for which the tax is imposed, shall be taxed at twenty percent (20%): Provided, further, That registered business enterprises under the enhanced deductions regime as provided in Section 294(C) of this Code shall be taxed at a rate equivalent to twenty percent (20%) on their taxable income derived from registered projects or activities during each taxable year.

xxx.”

SEC. 2. Section 28 (A)(1) of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 28. Rates of Income Tax on Foreign Corporations.

(A) Tax on Resident Foreign Corporations.

(1) In General. – Except as otherwise provide in this Code, a corporation organized, authorized, or existing under the laws of any foreign country, engaged in trade or business within the Philippines, shall be subject to an income tax equivalent to twenty-five (25%) of the taxable income derived in the preceding taxable year from all sources within the Philippines effective July 1, 2020: Provided, That the registered business enterprises under the enhanced deductions regime as provided in Section 294(C) of this Code, shall be subject to a tax rate equivalent to twenty percent (20%) of their taxable income derived from registered projects or activities during each taxable year.

x x x.

x x x.

x x x.

(B) Tax on Non-resident Foreign Corporation. –

(1) In General. – x x x.”

SEC. 3. Section 32 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 32. Gross Income. –

(A) General Definition. – x x x

(B) Exclusion from Gross Income. – The following items shall not be included in the gross income and shall be exempt from taxation under this Title:

(1) x x x;

(2) x x x;

(3) x x x;

(4) x x x;

(5) Income Exempt under Treaty. – Income of any kind, to the extent required by any treaty obligation, including agreements entered into by the President with economies and administrative regions, subject to the concurrence of the Senate, binding upon the Government of the Philippines.

(6) x x x; and

(7) x x x.”

SEC. 4. Section 34 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further emended to read as follows:

“SEC. 34. Deductions from Gross Income.

x x x

(B) Interest. – x x x

(C) Taxes. – x x x

(1) In General. – x x x

(2) Limitations on Deductions. – x x x

(3) Credit Against Tax for Taxes of Foreign Countries – x x x

(4) Limitations on Credit. – x x x

(5) Adjustments on Payment Incurred Taxes. – x x x

(6) Year in Which Credit Taken – x x x

(7) Proof of Credits – x x x

(8) Input Tax Attributable to VAT-Exempt Sales. – Input tax paid on local purchases attributable to VAT-exempt sales shall be deductible from the gross income of the taxpayer.

x x x.”

SEC. 5. Section 57 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 57. Withholding of Tax at Source.-

(A) Withholding of Final Tax on Certain Incomes. – x x x

(B) Withholding of Creditable Tax at Source. – The Secretary of Finance may, upon the recommendation of the Commissioner, require the withholding of a tax on the items of income payable to natural or juridical persons, residing in the Philippines, by payor-corporation/persons as provided for by law, at the rate  of not more than fifteen percent (15%) thereof, which shall be credited against the income tax liability of the taxpayer for the taxable year.

(C) Tax-free Covenant Bonds. – x x x

x x x.”

SEC. 6. Section 106 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 106. Value-Added Tax on Sale of Goods or Properties.-

(A) Rate and Base of Tax. – x x x.

(1) ‘Goods or Properties.’ The term ‘goods’ or ‘properties’ x x x;

(2) The following sales by VAT-registered persons shall be subject to zero percent (0%) rate:

(a) Export Sales. – The term ‘export sales’ means:

(1) x x x;

(2) Sale of raw materials or packaging materials to a non-resident buyer for delivery to a resident local export-oriented enterprise to be used in manufacturing, processing, packing or repacking in the Philippines of the said buyer’s goods and paid for in acceptable foreign currency and accounted for in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP);

(3) Sale of goods to an export-oriented enterprise whose export sales is at least seventy percent (70%) of the total annual production of the preceding taxable year: Provided, That such goods are directly attributable to the export activity of the export-oriented enterprise: Provided, further, That the Export Marketing Bureau of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)  shall determine compliance with the aforementioned threshold. Any export-oriented enterprise that fails to meet the threshold shall be disqualified from availing of VAT zero-rating on local purchases in the immediately succeeding year: Provided, finally, That input tax otherwise due on VAT zero-rated local purchases attributable to VAT-exempt sales shall be paid and deductible from the gross income of the taxpayer. For this purpose, ‘directly attributable’ shall refer to goods and services that are incidental to and reasonably necessary for the export activity of the export-oriented enterprise, including janitorial, security, financial, consultancy, marketing and promotion services, and services rendered for administrative operations such as human resources, legal, and accounting;

(4) The sale of goods, supplies, equipment, and fuel to persons engaged in international shipping or international air transport operations; Provided, That the goods, supplies, equipment, and fuel shall be used for international shipping or air transport operations; and  

(5) Sales to bonded manufacturing warehouses of export-oriented enterprises.

The Department of Finance (DOF) shall establish a VAT refund center in the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) and in the Bureau of Customs (BOC) that will handle the electronic processing and granting of cash refunds of creditable input tax.

An amount equivalent to five percent (5%) of the total VAT collection of the BIR and the BOC from the immediately preceding year shall be treated as a special account in the General Fund or as trust receipts for the purpose of funding claims for VAT refund: Provided, That any unused fund, at the end of the year shall revert to the General Fund: Provided, further, That the BIR and the BOC shall be required to submit to the Congressional Oversight Committee on the Comprehensive Tax Reform Program (COCCTRP) a quarterly report of all pending claims for refund and any unused fund.

(b) x x x;

(c) x x x; and

(d) Those sales subject to zero percent (0%) VAT under special laws.

x x x.”

SEC. 7. Section 108 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 108. Value-added Tax on Sale of Services and Use or Lease of Properties. –

(A) Rate and Base of Tax.- x x x

(B) Transactions Subject to Zero Percent (0%) Rate.- The following services performed in the Philippines by VAT-registered persons shall be subject to zero percent (0%) rate:

(1) x x x;

(2) x x x;

(3) x x x;

(4) x x x;

(5) Services performed for an export-oriented enterprise whose export sales is at least seventy percent (70%) of the total annual production of the preceding taxable year: Provided, That such services are directly attributable to the export activity of the export-oriented enterprise: Provided, further, That the Export Marketing Bureau of the DTI shall determine compliance with the aforementioned threshold. Any export-oriented enterprise that fails to meet the threshold shall be disqualified from availing of VAT zero-rating in the immediately succeeding year: Provided, finally, That input tax otherwise due on VAT zero-rated local purchases attributable to VAT-exempt sales shall be paid and deductible from the gross income of the taxpayer. For this purpose, ‘directly attributable’ shall follow the same definition under Section 106 of this Code.

(6) x x x;

(7) x x x; and

(8) Sales subject to zero percent (0%) VAT under special laws.

The DOF shall establish a VAT refund center in the BIR and in the BOC that will handle the electronic processing and granting of cash refunds of creditable input tax.

x x x.”

SEC. 8 Section 109 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 109. Exempt Transactions.

  • Subject to the provisions of Subsection (2) hereof, the following transactions shall be exempt from the VAT:

x x x

(u) Importation of fuel, goods, and supplies used for international shipping or air transport operations; 

x x x

(dd) Importation of goods by an export-oriented enterprise whose export sales is at least seventy percent (70%) of the total annual production of the preceding taxable year. Provided, That such goods are directly attributable to the export activity of the export-oriented enterprise: Provided, further, That the Export Marketing Bureau of the DTI shall determine the compliance with the aforementioned threshold. For this purpose, ‘directly attributable’ shall follow the same definition under Section 106 of this Code.”

SEC. 9. Section 112 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 112. Refunds or Tax Credits of Input Tax.-

  • Zero-Rated or Effectively Zero-Rated Sales.- x x x
  • Cancellation of VAT Registration.- x x x
  • Period within which the Refund or Tax Credit of Input Taxes shall be Made.- In proper cases, the Commissioner shall grant a refund for creditable input taxes within ninety (90) days from the date of submission of certified true copies of invoices and other documents specifically limited to those prescribed in the revenue issuances and in support of the application field in accordance with Subsections (A) and (B) hereof: Provided, That for this purpose, the VAT refund claims shall be classified into low-, medium-, and high-risk claims, with the risk classification to be based on the amount of VAT refund claim, tax compliance history, frequency of filing VAT refund claims, among others: Provided, further, That medium- and high-risk claims shall be subject to audit or other verification processes in accordance with the BIR’s national audit program for the relevant year. Should the Commissioner find that the grant of refund is not proper, the Commissioner must, within the ninety (90)-day period, communicate in writing to the taxpayer, the legal and factual basis for the denial, including the deficiencies of the VAT refund claim.

The taxpayer shall have fifteen (15) days from receipt of the full or partial denial to file a request for reconsideration. The Commissioner shall decide on the request for reconsideration within fifteen (15) days from receipt thereof. Failure to file a request for reconsideration within the fifteen (15)-day period shall render the decision final.

In case of full or partial denial of the request for reconsideration, or failure on the part of the Commissioner to act on the application for refund or request for reconsideration within the periods prescribed above, the taxpayer affected may, within thirty (30) days from the receipt of the decision denying the request for reconsideration, or after the expiration of the ninety (90)-day period to decide on the application for refund, or after the lapse of the fifteen (15)-day period to decide on the request for reconsideration in cases where no action is made by the Commissioner on the request for reconsideration, appeal the decision with the Court of Tax Appeals: Provided, however, That failure on the part of any official, agent, or employee of the BIR to act  on the application for VAT refund within the ninety (90)-day period and on the request for reconsideration within the fifteen (15)-day period shall be punishable under Section 269 of this Code.

  •  Manner of Giving Refund.- Refunds shall be made upon warrants drawn by the Commissioner or by a duly authorized representatives without the necessity of being countersigned by the Chairperson of the Commission on Audit, the provisions of the Administrative Code of 1987 to the contrary notwithstanding: Provided, That refunds under this paragraph shall be subject to post audit by the Commission on Audit following the risk-based classification above-described: Provided, further, That the BIR shall publish statistics on the aggregated volume, processing time, approval rate of refund claims, and other relevant statistics in their official website: Provided, finally, That in case of disallowance by the Commission on Audit, only the taxpayer shall be liable for the disallowed amount without prejudice to any administrative liability on the part of any employee of the BIR who may be found to be grossly negligent in the grant of refund.”

SEC. 10. Section 135 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 135. – Petroleum Products Sold to International Carriers and Exempt Entities or Agencies. – Petroleum products sold to the following are exempt from excise tax:

(a) International carriers of the Philippine or foreign registry directly importing petroleum products, on their use or consumption outside the Philippines: Provided, That the petroleum products sold to these international carriers shall be stored in a bonded storage tank and may be disposed of only in accordance with the rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance, upon recommendation of the Commissioner:

Suppliers of petroleum products to international carriers shall be allowed to file a claim for refund of excise tax paid on such products, upon presenting proof that the petroleum products were sold to international carriers of Philippine or foreign registry, for their use or consumption outside the Philippines, following the procedure under Section 135-A of this Code.

(b) x x x

(c) x x x.”

SEC. 11. A new Section 135-A shall be introduced in the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended. The new Section 135-A shall read as follows:

”SEC. 135-A. Refund of Excise Tax on Petroleum Products. – No refund or credit of excise tax paid by suppliers on otherwise exempt sales under Section 135 shall be allowed, unless the taxpayer files a written claim for refund with the Commissioner, within two (2) years after the payment of excise tax: Provided, however, That a return filed showing an overpayment shall be considered a written claim for refund.

The Commissioner shall process and decide the refund under this provision within ninety (90) days from the submission of complete documents supporting the application filed. Should the Commissioner deny the claim for refund in full or in part, the Commissioner shall communicate in writing to the taxpayer, the legal and/or factual basis for the denial.

The taxpayer shall have fifteen (15) days from the receipt of the denial to file a request for reconsideration, which shall be resolved by the Commissioner within fifteen (15) days from the receipt thereof. Failure to file a request for reconsideration within the fifteen (15)-day period shall render the decision final.

In case of full or partial denial of the request for reconsideration, or failure on the part of the Commissioner to act on the application for refund or request for reconsideration within the periods prescribed above, the taxpayer affected may, within thirty (30) days from the receipt of the decision denying the request for reconsideration, or after the lapse of the period to decide on the application for refund or request for reconsideration,  in cases where no action is made by the Commissioner, appeal the decision with the Court of Tax Appeals.

Failure on the part of any official agent or employee of the BIR to process and decide on the application within the ninety (90)-day period and on the request for reconsideration within the fifteen (15)-day period shall be punishable under Section 269 of this Code.”

SEC. 12. Section 237 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 237. Issuance of Invoices.

  • Issuance – x x x

Upon the establishment of a system capable of storing and processing the required data, the Bureau shall require taxpayers engaged in the export of goods and services, taxpayers engaged in e-commerce, and taxpayers under the jurisdiction of the Large Taxpayers Service to issue electronic invoices, subject to rules and regulations to be issued by the Secretary of Finance upon recommendation of the Commissioner following a public hearing held for this purpose: Provided, That taxpayers not covered by the mandate of this provision may voluntarily issue electronic invoices: Provided, further, That the Secretary of Finance, upon the recommendation of the Commissioner , may require taxpayers to issue electronic invoices.

x x x.”

SEC. 13. Section 237-A of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended, to read as follows:

“SEC. 237-A. Electronic Sales Reporting System. – Upon the establishment of a system capable of storing and processing the required data, the Bureau shall require taxpayers engaged in the export of goods and services, and taxpayers under the jurisdiction of the Large Taxpayer Service to electronically report their sales data to the Bureau through the use of electronic point of sale systems, subject to rules and regulations to be issued by the Secretary of Finance as recommended by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue: Provided, That the machines, fiscal devices, and fiscal memory devices shall be at the expense of the taxpayer: Provided, further, That the Secretary of Finance, upon the recommendation of the Commissioner, may require taxpayers to electronically report their sales data to the Bureau.

All taxpayers required to issue and those who voluntarily choose to issue electronic invoices and electronically report their sales data to the Bureau shall be granted, in addition to the allowable deduction provided under Section 34(A)(1), the following allowable deductions:

(1) For micro and small taxpayers as defined under Section 21(B) of this Code, an additional deduction from taxable income of one hundred percent (100%) of the total cost for setting up an electronic sales reporting system.

(2) For medium and large taxpayers as defined under Section 21(B) of this Code, an additional deduction from taxable income of fifty percent (50%) of the total cost for setting up an electronic sales reporting system.

The foregoing allowable deduction shall be availed of only once. The importation of such electronic sales reporting system shall also be exempt from taxes.

x x x.”

SEC. 14. Section 269(j) of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 269. Violations Committed by Government Enforcement Officers. – Every official, agent, or employee of the BIR or any other agency of the Government charged with the enforcement of the provisions of this Code, who is guilty of any of the offense herein below specified shall, upon conviction for each act or omission, be punished by a fine of not less than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000) but not more than One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000) and suffer imprisonment of not less than ten (10) years but not more than fifteen (15) years and shall likewise suffer an additional penalty of  perpetual disqualification to hold public office, to vote, and to practice in any public election:

x x x   

(j) Deliberate failure to act on the application for refunds within the prescribed period provided under Sections 112, 135-A, and 204 of this Act.

x x x.”

SEC. 15. Section 292 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 292. Extent of Authority to Grant Tax Incentives. – The Fiscal Incentives Review Board or the Investment Promotion Agency, shall grant the appropriate tax incentives provided in this Title to RBEs only to the extent of their approved registered project or activity under the Strategic Investment Priority Plan (SIPP), taking into consideration the infusion of investment capital, generation of direct local employment which takes into account Republic Act No. 11962, otherwise known as the ‘Trabaho Para sa Bayan Act’, and other standard and project-specific performance metrics of the registered project or activity that may be imposed by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board of the concerned Investment Promotion Agency.”

SEC. 16. Section 293 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“SEC.293. Definitions. – When used in this Title:

  • Capital equipment refers to machinery, equipment, major components thereof, tools, devices, applications or apparatus, which are directly attributable to the registered project or activity of the registered business enterprise;
  • Certificate of authority to import refers to the document issued by the Investment Promotion Agency as proof entitlement to exemption from value-added tax and/or duty-free importation which      shall contain a list of capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories to be imported that are directly attributable to the production of goods and services, including goods used for administrative purposes;
  • Certificate of registration refers to the document evidencing registration with an Investment Promotion Agency and entitlement to tax incentives: Provided, That each registered project or activity of a registered business enterprise should be supported by a separate certificate of registration;
  • Directly attributable refers to goods and services that are incidental to and reasonably necessary for the registered project or activity of the registered business enterprise, including janitorial, security, financial consultancy, marketing and promotion services, and services rendered for administrative operations such as human resources, legal and accounting: Provided, That the determination of what is ‘directly attributable’ to the registered project or activity of the registered business enterprise shall be made by the relevant Investment Promotion Agency;
  • Direct local employment x x x
  • Domestic input x x x
  • Domestic market enterprise x x x
  • Export enterprise x x x
  • Freeport zones refer to isolated and policed areas adjacent to a port of entry, which shall be operated and managed as a separate customs territory for purposes of ensuring free flow or movement of goods between registered business enterprise, except those expressly prohibited by law, within, into, and exported out of the freeport zone where imported goods may be unloaded for immediate transshipment or stored, repacked, sorted, mixed, or otherwise manipulated subject to the provisions of Sections 294(D) and (E) and 295(C) and (D): Provided, That a freeport shall have a permanent customs control or customs office at its perimeter;
  • High-value domestic market enterprise refer to registered domestic market enterprises with an investment capital exceeding Fifteen billion pesos (Php 15,000,000,000) and are engaged in sectors considered import-substituting, or with export sales in the immediately preceding year of at least One hundred million US dollars (USD 100,000,000) or its equivalent in an acceptable foreign currency: Provided, That the threshold specified herein may be increased by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board;
  • Investment capital refers to the value of investment indicated in Philippine currency, that shall be used to carry out a registered project or activity such as pre-operating expenses, cost of land and land improvements, buildings, leasehold improvements, working capital, machinery and equipment, inventory, and other current and non-current assets;
  • Investment Promotion Agencies refer to government entities created by law, executive order, decree, or other issuances, in charge of promoting investments, granting and administering tax and non-tax incentives, and overseeing the operations of the different economic zones and freeports in accordance with their respective special laws. These include the Board of Investments (BOI), Bangsamoro Board of Investments (BBOI), Bangsamoro Economic Zone Authority (BEZA), Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA), Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA)_, Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA), Clark Development Corporation (CEZA), Zamboanga City Special Economic Zone and Freeport Authority (ZCSEZA), PHIVIDEC Industrial Authority (PIA), Aurora Pacific Economic Zone Authority (APECO), Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan (AFAB), Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority (TIEZA), Bulacan Special Economic Zone and Freeport Authority (BEZA), and all other similar existing authorities or those that may be created by law unless otherwise specifically exempted from the coverage of this Code.
  • Metropolitan areas x x x
  • Net book value refers to historical cost less accumulated depreciation, as reflected in the books of account or financial statements of the registered business enterprise, and determined in accordance with accepted accounting standards;
  • Other government agencies administering tax incentives  x x x
  • Other registered entities x x x
  • Qualified capital expenditure x x x
  • Registered business enterprises (RBE) x x x
  • Research and development x x x
  • Sophisticated x x x
  • Sophistication x x x
  • Source document x x x
  •  Special economic zone or ecozone refers to a selected area which shall be operated and managed as a separate customs territory that is highly developed r has the potential to be developed into an agro-industiral, industrial, information technology, or tourist/recreational area, whose metes and bounds are fixed or delimited by presidential proclamations and is within a specific geographical area which includes industrial estates (IEs), export processing zones (EPZs), ICT parks and centers, and free trade zones: Provided, That for the ecozone to qualify as a separate customs territory, an ecozone shall have a permanent customs control or custom office at its perimeter: Provided, however, That  areas where mining extraction is undertaken shall not be declared as an ecozone: Provided, further, That vertical economic zones, such as, but not limited to, buildings, selected floors within buildings, and selected areas on a floor, need to comply with the minimum contagious land area as determined by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board;
  • Technical obsolescence refers to the state of an asset when its design or specification no longer fulfills the function for which it was originally designed and/or the machinery, equipment, spare parts and/or materials have diminished in value as caused by changes in technology and new inventions, rendering it less desirable in the industry, including a decline in value due to the availability of improved, more cost-effective alternatives, or due to the availability of more advanced technology that allows for more efficiency such as earlier replacement of information technology assets, as may be verified and approved by the Investment Promotion Agency; and
  • Training x x x.”

SEC. 17. Section 294 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 294. Incentives.-Subject to the conditions and period of availment in Sections 295, 296, and 296-A, respectively, the following types of tax incentives may be granted to registered projects or activities:

  • Income Tax Holiday (ITH). – For all RBEs, exemption from income tax on registered project or activity imposed under this Code;
  • Special Corporate Income Tax (SCIT) Rate. – For export enterprise, a tax rate equivalent to five percent (5%) based on the gross income earned, in lieu of all national and local taxes and local fees and charges.

x x x.

  • Enhanced Deductions Regime (EDR). –For export enterprise and domestic market enterprises, the following may be allowed as deductions:
  • x x x
  • x x x
  • x x x
  • x x x
  • x x x
  • One hundred percent (100%) additional deduction on power expense incurred in the taxable year;
  • Deduction for reinvestment allowance to manufacturing and tourism industries. – When a manufacturing or tourism RBE reinvests its undistributed profit or surplus in manufacturing or tourism projects or activities, respectively, that are listed in the SIPP, no more than fifty percent (50%) of the amount reinvested shall be allowed as a deduction from its taxable income within a period of five (5) years from the time of such reinvestment;
  • Fifty percent (50%) additional deduction on expenses relating to exhibitions, trade missions, or trade fairs; and
  •  Enhanced Net Operating Loss Carry-Over (NOLCO). – The net operating loss of the registered project or activity during the first three (3) years from the start of commercial  operation, which had not been previously offset as deduction from gross income, may carried     over as deduction from gross income within the next five (5) consecutive taxable years immediately following the last year of the ITH entitlement period of the project.
  • Duly exemption on importation of capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories, including goods used for administrative purposes, of the registered project or activity;
  • Value-Added Tax (VAT) exemption on importation and VAT zero-rating on local purchase; and
  • RBE Local Tax. –The concerned local government unit may, through an ordinance issued by the concerned Sanggunian, impose an RBE local tax at the rate of not more than two percent (2%) of an RBE’s gross income, as defined under Section 27 (E)(4), during the ITH and EDR, as provided under Sections 294(A) and (C) of this Code, respectively, which shall be in lieu of all local taxes and local fees and charges imposed by the local government unit under Republic Act No. 7160, otherwise known as the ”Local Government Code of 1991”, as amended: Provided, That RBE local tax shall not be imposed on RBEs under SCIT.”

SEC. 18. Section 295 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 295. Conditions of Availment. – The availment of tax incentive in the preceding section shall be governed by the following rules:

  • Registered export enterprises may opt for one of the following:
  • ITH, which shall be followed by SCIT or EDR; or
  • SCIT, which shall be in lieu of all national and local taxes and local fees and charges, and may be granted immediately at the start of commercial operations; or
  • EDR, which may be granted immediately at the start of commercial operations.

The elected incentive package shall be irrevocable for the entire duration for entitlement to such incentives under Sections 296 and 296-A of this Code: Provided, That in no case shall the EDR be granted simultaneously with the SCIT.

  • Registered domestic market enterprises may opt for either:       
  • ITH, which shall be followed by EDR; or
  • EDR, which may be granted immediately at the start of commercial operations.

The elected incentive package shall be irrevocable for the entire duration for entitlement to such incentives under Sections 296 and 296-A of this Code.

The folowing conditions for the availment of each enhanced deduction shall be complied with:

  • x x x
  • x x x
  • x x x
  • x x x
  • x x x
  • The additional deductions on power expense shall only apply to power utilized for the registered project or activity.
  • The deduction for reinvestment allowance to manufacturing and tourism industries shall only be availed of until December 31, 2034.
  • The additional deduction on expenses relating to trade fairs, exhibitions, or trade missions shall include expenses incurred in promoting the export of goods or the provisions of services to foreign markets approved by the concerned Investment Promotion Agency.

The Department of Finance, in coordination with the BIR, Fiscal Incentives Review Board, and Investment Promotion Agencies, shall prescribe the terms and conditions on the grant of EDR under Section 294(C) and this Title.

  • The duty exemption shall only apply to the importation of capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories directly attributable to the registered project or activity of RBEs, including goods used for administrative purposes: Provided, That the following conditions are complied with:
  • The capita; equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories are directly attributable to the registered project or activity of the RBE, including goods used for administrative purposes, and are not produced or manufactured domestically in sufficient quantity or of comfortable quality and at reasonable prices. Prior approval of the Investment Promotion Agency must be secured for the part-time utilization of the said capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories in a non-registered project or activity to maximize usage thereof: Provided, That the RBE shall adopt a method to best allocate the same at the time of application for a certificate of authority to import, or its equivalent: Provided, further, That the proportionate taxes and duties are paid on a specific capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories in proportion to the utilization for non-registered projects or activities. In the event that the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories, shall be used for non-registered project or activity of the RBE at any time within the first five (5) years from the date of importation, the RBE shall first seek prior approval of the concerned Investment Promotion Agency and pay the taxes and customs duties that were not paid upon the importation; and
  • The approval of the Investment Promotion Agency was obtained by the RBE prior to the importation of such capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories.

An Investment Promotion Agency may authorize the importation of capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories pending issuance of the certificate of registration, subject to the posting of a performance bond or bank guarantee equivalent to duties and taxes waived on such importations and other conditions as may be determined by the concerned Investment Promotion Agency and the BOC.

No taxes and duties shall be imposed on subsequent sale, transfer, or disposition of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories, which were granted tax and customs duty exemption hereunder within the first five (5) years from date of importation. The approval of the Investment Promotion Agency must be secured before the sale, transfer, or disposition of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories, which were granted tax and customs duty exemption hereunder, and shall be allowed only under any of the following circumstances:

  • If made to another enterprise availing of customs duty exemption on imported capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories;
  • Exportation of capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, accessories, source documents, or goods required for pollution abatement and control; or
  • If donated to the Government of the Philippines or to any of its agencies or political subdivisions, including fully-owned government corporations, TESDA, state universities and colleges (SUCs), or DepEd and CHED-accredited schools: Provided, That the donation shall be exempt from import duties and taxes, including donor’s tax.

In case of subsequent sale, transfer, or disposition of tax and duty-free capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories, within the first five (5) years from the date of importation and upon approval by the Investment Promotion Agency, there shall be taxes and duties assessed based on the net book value of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories if:

  • Made to another enterprise not availing of duty exemption on imported capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories; or
  • There is proven technical obsolescence of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories.

Provided, That if the RBE sells, transfers, or disposes the aforementioned imported items without prior approval, the RBE and the vendee, transferee, or assignee shall be solidarily liable to pay twice the amount of the duty exemption that should have been paid during its importation: Provided, further, That the sale, transfer, or disposition, of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories made after five (5) years from the date of importation shall require that prior notice be given by the RBE to the Investment Promotion Agency: Provided, furthermore, That even if the sale, transfer, or disposition of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories was made after five (5) years from the date of importation with notice to the Investment Promotion Agency, the RBE is still liable to pay the duties based on the net book value of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories if it violated any of its registration terms and conditions.

  • The VAT exemption on importation and VAT zero-rating on local purchases shall only apply to goods and services directly attributable to the registered project or activity of a registered export enterprise, or a registered high-value domestic market enterprise, including expenses incidental thereto. The project or activity registered with the Investment Promotion Agency shall be subject to the following conditions:
  • Sale of goods or services by a VAT-registered seller to a registered export enterprise, regardless of location, shall be subject to zero percent (0%) VAT;
  • Sale, transfer, or disposal of previously VAT-exempt imported capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories shall be subject to the following rules:
  • If the purchaser is a registered export enterprise, regardless of location, the transaction shall be subject to zero percent (0%) VAT; and
  • If the purchaser is a registered domestic market enterprise, regardless of location, the transaction shall be subject to twelve percent (12%) VAT based on the net book value of the capital equipment, raw materials, spare parts, or accessories:

Provided, That the local sales of goods and/or services by an RBE, regardless of the income tax incentives regime and location, shall be subject to twelve percent (12%) VAT, unless otherwise exempt or zero-rated under Titles IV and XIII of this Code. For this purpose, ‘local sales’ shall cover sales of goods and services to domestic market enterprises or non-RBEs, regardless of whether the sale occurs within the freeport or economic zones: Provided, further, That the liability to pay and remit the VAT to the government rests with the buyer of the said goods or services.

Any registered export enterprise that fails to meet the seventy percent (70%) export sales threshold in the immediately preceding year or high-value domestic market enterprise that fails to meet the export sale or investment capital requirement shall be disqualified from availing of duty exemption on importation under Section 294(D), and VAT exemption on importation and VAT zero-rating on local purchases under Section 294(E) in the immediately succeeding year.

Notwithstanding the provisions in the preceding paragraphs, sales receipts and other income derived from non-registered project or activity shall be subject to appropriate taxes imposed under this Code.

  • x x x
  • x x x

Any law to the contrary notwithstanding, the importation of petroleum products by any person, including RBEs, shall be subject to the payment of applicable duties and taxes as provided under Republic Act No. 10863, otherwise known as the ‘Customs Modernization and Tariff Act’, and this Code, respectively, upon importation into the Philippine customs territory and/or into free zones as defined under Republic Act No. 10863: Provided, That the importation of petroleum products used in international shipping or air transport operations shall be covered by the provisions of Sections 109 (U) and 135(A) of this Code.

x x x

  • Crude oil x x x

Provided, That applicable duties x x x

  • The RBE local tax shall be imposed on an RBE which meets and maintains the conditions for its registration, during the period of availment of the ITH and the EDR.

The tax shall be directly remitted by the RBE to the Treasurer’s office of the municipality or city where the enterprise is located.

Where two (2) or more local government units cover the same enterprise, the sharing between such local government units shall be as follows:

  • Fifty percent (50%) of revenues shall be shared equally among the local government units; and
  • Fifty percent (50%) of revenues shall be apportioned based on the population of the local government units.

Fifty percent (50%) of the share of the municipality based on the foregoing allocation shall be remitted to the province where the said municipality is located: Provided, That cities shall retain one hundred percent (100%) of their share.

Local government units may reduce or waive the rate of tax, or their share thereof, in the case of two (2) or more local government units covering the same enterprise.

RBEs, whose performance commitments include job generation, shall maintain their employment levels to the extent practicable. In case of reduced employment or when the performance commitment for job generation is not met, the RBEs must submit to their respective Investment Promotion Agencies and the Fiscal Incentives Review Board their justifications for and plans to address the same in the succeeding year.”

SEC. 19. A new Section 295-A shall be introduced in the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended. The new Section 295-A shall read as follows:

“SEC. 295-A. Registered Business Enterprises Taxpayer Service – A separate service within the BIR is hereby created to support the end-to-end tax compliance of RBEs. The Commissioner shall prescribe the manner and place of filing returns and payment of taxes by RBEs through the said service. For ease of compliance with tax rules and regulations, simplified filing and payment processes shall be implemented for RBEs.”

SEC. 20, Section 296 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 296. Period of Availment of Incentives for Projects or Activities Approved by the Investment Promotion Agencies – The period of availment of incentives granted by the Investment Promotion Agencies to RBEs shall be as follows:

(A) For export enterprise under the SIPP, ITH of four (4) to seven (7) years, depending on location and industry priorities as specified in this section, followed by SCIT or EDR for ten (10) years, or SCIT or EDR for a maximum period of fourteen (14) to seventeen (17) years, depending on location and industry priorities: Provided, That the application for extension of availment of incentives shall only be allowed for the same registered project or activity if such project or activity employs at least ten thousand (10,000) direct local employees and maintains the said number during its registration, even if the registered project or activity no longer complies with the conditions and qualifications set forth in the SIPP: Provided, further,  That the extension of availment of incentives shall not exceed five (5) years, subject to the performance review by the Investment Promotion Agency, Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, no ITH shall be granted to registered export enterprises that applied for extension of availment of incentives for the same project or activity.

A qualified expansion project or activity registered under this Act may qualify to avail of SCIT or EDR for eight (8) years, subject to the provisions of Sections 294(B) and (C), qualifications set forth in the SIPP, and performance review by the Investment Promotion Agency: Provided, That existing registered projects or activities prior to the effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534 otherwise known as the ‘Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises Act’, may qualify to register on or before December 31, 2024 and avail of the incentives granted under Republic Act No. 11534 for the prescribed period, subject to the criteria and conditions set forth in the SIPP. The qualified expansion project or activity may also be entitled to duty exemption on importation, VAT exemption on importation, and VAT zero-rating on local purchases subject to the provisions of Sections 294(D) and (E), respectively.

  • For domestic market enterprise under the SIPP, ITH for four (4) to seven (7) years followed by EDR for ten (10) years, or EDR for a maximum period of fourteen (14) to seventeen (17) years, depending on location and industry priorities: Provided, That the application for extension of availment of incentives shall be allowed for the same registered projects or activity only if such project or activity employs at least ten thousand (10,000) direct local employees and maintains the said number during its registration, even if the registered project or activity no longer complies with the conditions and qualifications set forth in the SIPP: Provided, further, That the extension of availment of incentives shall not exceed five (5) years, subject to the performance review by the Investment Promotion Agency. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, no ITH shall be granted to domestic market enterprises that have applied for extension of availment of incentives for the same project or activity.

A qualified expansion project or activity registered under this Act may qualify to avail of EDR for eight (8) years, subject to the provisions of Section 294(C), qualifications set forth in the SIPP and performance review by the Investment Promotion Agency or the Fiscal Incentives Review Board, as the case may be: Provided, That existing registered projects or activities prior to the effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534 may qualify to register on or before December 31, 2024 and avail of the incentives granted under Republic Act No. 11534 for the prescribed period, subject to the criteria and conditions set forth in the SIPP.

The period of availment of the foregoing income tax-based incentives shall commence from the actual start of commercial operations with the RBE availing of the tax incentives within three (3) years from the date of registration, unless otherwise provided in the SIPP and its corresponding guidelines.

x x x

  • Tier III activities shall include (i) research and development resulting in demonstrably significant value-added, higher productivity, improved efficiency, breakthroughs in science and health, and high-paying jobs; (ii) generation of new knowledge and intellectual property registered and/or licensed in the Philippines; (iii) commercialization of patents, industrial designs, copyrights and utility models owned or co-owned by an RBE; (iv) highly technical manufacturing; or (v) are critical to the structural transformation of the economy and require substantial catch-up efforts, including but not limited to cyber-security, artificial intelligence, and data-center facilities.

The period of availment of incentives based on the combination of both location and industry priorities, as determined in the SIPP, shall be as follows:

For exporters:

Location/Industry TiersTier ITier II Tier III
National Capital Region4 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT, or 14 EDR/SCIT5 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT, or 15 EDR/SCIT6 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT, or 16 EDR/SCIT
Metropolitan areas or areas contiguous and adjacent to the National Capital Region5 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 15 EDR/SCIT6 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 16 EDR/SCIT7 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 17 EDR/SCIT
All other areas6 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 16 EDR/SCIT7 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 17 EDR/SCIT7 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 17 EDR/SCIT

For domestic market activities:

Location/Industry TiersTier ITier II Tier III
National Capital Region4 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT, or 14 EDR/SCIT5 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT, or 15 EDR/SCIT6 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT, or 16 EDR/SCIT
Metropolitan areas or areas contiguous and adjacent to the National Capital Region5 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 15 EDR/SCIT6 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 16 EDR/SCIT7 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 17 EDR/SCIT
All other areas6 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 16 EDR/SCIT7 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 17 EDR/SCIT7 ITH + 10 EDR/SCIT or 17 EDR/SCIT

In addition to the incentives provided in the tiers above, projects or activities of registered business enterprises located in areas recovering from armed conflict or a major disaster, as determined by the Office of the President, shall be entitled to two (2) additional years of income tax-based incentives.

Projects or activities registered prior to the effectivity of this Act, or under the incentive system provided herein that shall, in the duration of their incentives, completely relocate from the National Capital Region, shall be entitled to three (3) additional years of income tax-based incentives: Provided, That the additional incentive shall commence at the completion of the relocation of operations.

RBEs may continue to avail of the VAT zero-rating on local purchases and VAT exemption on importation under Section 294(E), and duty exemption on importation under Section 294(D), for the entire registration period as an RBE, reckoned from the date of registration, if the RBEs continue to meet the terms and conditions of registration by their respective Investment Promotion Agencies and if the RBEs maintain at least seventy percent (70%) of total annual production or output as export sales for the immediately preceding year.

Registered domestic market enterprises may avail of duty exemption on importation from the date of registration until the expiration of the income tax-based incentives granted in this section.

After the expiration of the entitlement to VAT zero-rating on local purchases and VAT exemption on importation under this Title, registered export enterprises may avail of the VAT zero-rating on local purchases and VAT exemption on importation under Sections 106, 108, and 109 of this Code: Provided, That they comply with the requirements set forth therein.”

SEC. 21. A new Section 296-A shall be introduced in the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended. The new Section 296-A shall read as follows:

”SEC. 296-A. Period of Availment of Incentives for Projects or Activities Approved by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board. – The period of availment of incentives granted by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board to RBEs shall be as follows:

(A) For an export enterprise under the SIPP, ITH of four (4) to seven (7) years, depending on location and industry priorities as specified in this section, followed by SCIT or EDR for twenty (20) years, or SCIT or EDR for a maximum period of twenty-four (24) to twenty-seven (27) yeras, depending on location and industry priorities: Provided, That the application for extension of availment of incentives shall only be allowed for the same registered project or activity if such project or activity employs at least ten thousand (10,000) direct local employees and maintains the said number during its registration, even if the registered project or activity no longer complies with the conditions and qualifications set forth in the SIPP: Provided, further, That the extension of availment of incentives shall not exceed ten (10) years, subject to the performance review by the Fiscal Incentives Review Borad. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, no ITH shall be granted to registered export enterprises that have applied for extension of availment of incentives for the same project or activity.

A qualified expansion project or activity registered under this Act may qualify to avail of SCIT or EDR for thirteen (13) years, subject to the provisions of Sections 294(B) and (C), qualifications set forth in the SIPP and performance review by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board: Provided, That existing registered projects or activities prior to the effectivity of this Act may qualify to register and avail of the incentives granted under this Act for the prescribed period, subject to the criteria and conditions set forth in the SIPP. The qualified expansion project or activity may also be entitled to VAT exemption on importation and VAT zero-rating on local purchases under Section 294(E) and duty exemption on importation under Section 294 (D).

(B) For domestic market enterprise under the SIPP, ITH of four (4) to seven (7) years, followed by EDR for twenty (20) years, or EDR for a maximum period of twenty-four (24) to twenty-seven (27) years, depending on location and industry priorities: Provided, That the application for extension of availment of incentives shall be allowed for the same registered project or activity only if employment level for such project or activity  employs at least ten thousand(10,000) direct local employees and maintains the said number during its registration, even if the registered project or activity no longer complies with the conditions and qualifications set forth in the SIPP: Provided, further, That the extension of availment of incentives  shall not exceed ten (10) years, subject to the performance review by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, no ITH shall be granted to domestic market enterprises that have applied for extension of availment of incentives for the same project or activity.

A qualified expansion project or activity registered under this Act may qualify to avail of EDR for thirteen (13) years, subject to the provisions of Section 294(C), qualifications set forth in the SIPP, and performance review by the Investment Promotion Agency or Fiscal Incentives Review Board, as the case may be: Provided, That existing registered projects or activities prior to the effectivity of this Act may qualify to register and avail of the incentives granted under this Act for the prescribed period, subject to the criteria and conditions set forth in the SIPP. The qualified expansion project or activity may also be entitled to VAT exemption on importation and VAT zero-rating on local purchases under Section 294(E) and duty exemption on importation under Section 294(D).

The period availment of the foregoing income tax-based incentives shall commence from the actual start of commercial operations with the RBE availing of the tax incentives within three (3) years from the date of registration, unless otherwise provided in the SIPP and its corresponding guidelines.

The period of availment of incentives based on the combination of both location and industry priorities, as determined in the SIPP, shall be as follows:

For exporters:

LOCATION/INDUSTRY TIERSTIER ITIER II TIER III
National Capital Region4 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 24 SCIT/EDR5 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 25 SCIT/EDR6 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 26 SCIT/EDR
Metropolitan areas or areas contiguous and adjacent to the National Capital Region5 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 25 SCIT/EDR  6 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 26 SCIT/EDR  7 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 27 SCIT/EDR  
All other areas6 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 26 SCIT/EDR7 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 27 SCIT/EDR  7 ITH + 20 SCIT/EDR, or 27 SCIT/EDR  

For domestic market activities:

LOCATION/INDUSTRY TIERSTIER ITIER II TIER III
National Capital Region4 ITH + 20 EDR, or 24 EDR5 ITH + 20 EDR, or 25 EDR  6 ITH + 20 EDR, or 26 EDR  
Metropolitan areas or areas contiguous and adjacent to the National Capital Region5 ITH + 20 EDR, or 25 EDR6 ITH + 20 EDR, or 26 EDR  7 ITH + 20 EDR, or 27 EDR  
All other areas6 ITH + 20 EDR, or 26 EDR7 ITH + 20 EDR, or 27 EDR  7 ITH + 20 EDR, or 27 EDR  

RBEs may continue to avail of the VAT zer-rating on local purchases and VAT exemption on importation under Section 294(E), and duty exemption on importation under Section 294(D), for the entire registration period as an RBE, reckoned from the date of registration, if the RBEs continue to meet the terms and conditions of their registration with their respective Investment Promotion Agencies and if the following requirements are met for the immediately preceding year:

  • Registered export enterprise maintain at least seventy percent (70%) of total annual production or output as export sales;
  • High-value domestic market enterprises satisfy the investment capital or export requirement under Section 293(J) of this Code. Qualified high-value domestic market enterprises may avail of the said incentives from the date of registration until the expiration of the income tax-based incentive granted in this section.

Registered domestic market enterprise may avail of duty exemption from the date of registration until the expiration of the income tax-based incentives granted in this section.

After the expiration of the entitlement to VAT zero-rating on local purchases and VAT exemption on importation under this Title, registered export enterprises may avail of the VAT zero-rating on local purchases and VAT exemption on importation under Sections 106, 108, and 109 of this Code: Provided, That they comply with the requirements set forth therein.

In addition to the incentives provided in the tiers above, projects or activities of registered business enterprises located in areas recovering from armed conflict or a major disaster, as determined by the Office of the President, shall be entitled to two (2) additional years of income tax-based incentives.

Projects or activities registered prior to the effectivity of this Act or under the incentive system provided herein that completely relocate from the National Capital Region, within the duration of their incentives, shall be entitled to three (3) additional years of income tax-based incentives: Provided, That the additional incentive shall commence upon the completion of the relocation of operations.”

SEC. 22. Section 297 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“SEC. 297. Expanded Functions of the Fiscal Incentives Review Board. – The functions and powers of the Fiscal Incentives Review Board created under the Presidential Decree No. 776, as amended, shall be further expanded as follows:

(A) To exercise policy-making, oversight, regulatory, and quasi-judicial functions on the administration and grant of tax incentives by the Investment Promotion Agencies and other government agencies administering tax incentives. In particular, the Fiscal Incentives Review Board shall:

(1) Determine the target performance metrics as conditions to avail of tax incentives;

(2) Review and audit the compliance of Investment Promotion Agencies and other government agencies administering tax incentives, with respect to the administration and grant of tax incentives and impose sanctions such as, but not limited to, withdrawal, suspension, cancellation of their authority to grant tax incentives under this Title without prejudice to the conduct of inquiry, investigation, and filing of appropriate criminal and administrative cases against erring officials and employees in accordance with the procedures prescribed under existing laws;

(3) Conduct regular monitoring and evaluation of investment and non-investment tax incentives, such as using cost-benefit analysis to determine their impact on the economy and whether agreed performance targets are met; and prescribe data requirements, reporting standards, processes, and procedures for the application of incentives for the calculation of costs and benefits upon application;

(4) Check and verify, as necessary, the compliance of RBEs through the Investment Promotion Agencies, with the terms and conditions of their availment, in particular the agreed target performance metrics, rules and regulations of this Act, and other relevant laws or issuances;

(5) Provide Investment Promotion Agencies with capacity-building activities to ensure that they are equipped to comply with reportorial requirements; and

(6) Assess its organizational structure, focusing on the adequacy of its human resources for regulatory and quasi-judicial functions. If necessary, the Fiscal Incentives Review Board shall submit to the Department of Budget and Management the proposed organizational changes to strengthen its human resources in accordance with existing laws and regulations.

For this purpose, all Investment Promotion Agencies and other government agencies administering tax incentives shall annually furnish the Fiscal Incentives Review Board with all the issuances related to the grant and administration of incentives

(B) To approve or disapprove the grant of tax incentives to the extent of the registered project or activity listed in the SIPP upon the recommendation of the Investment Promotion Agency: Provided, That the application for tax incentives shall be duly accompanied by a cost-benefit analysis: Provided, further, That the Investment Promotion Agencies shall use the Fiscal Incentives Review Board-prescribed data requirements and methodologies for the application of incentives in calculating the costs and benefits upon application: Provided, further, That the Investment Promotion Agencies shall grant the tax incentives to registered projects or activities listed in the SIPP with investment capital of Fifteen Billion pesos (P15,000,000,000) and below: Provided, furthermore, That the Fiscal Incentives Review Board, in consultation with the Investment Promotion Agencies, may increase the threshold amount of Fifteen billion pesos (P15,000,000,000);

(C) To approve applications for tax subsidies to government-owned or –controlled corporations, government instrumentalities, government commissaries and state universities and colleges.

For this purpose, the other government agencies shall ensure complete submission of applications, documents, records, books, or other relevant data or material;

(D) To formulate additional time-bound or place-specified projects or activities for inclusion in the SIPP during periods of recovery from calamities and post-conflict situations and where the Fiscal Incentives Review Board determines that there is a need to attract many classes, firms, and other investors that would accelerate the growth of a region’s flagship industries in accordance with the Medium-Term Development Plan and Republic Act No. 11962, otherwise known as the ‘Trabaho Para sa Bayan Act’ and recommend incentives to the President;

(E) To cancel, suspend, or withdraw, after due process, the enjoyment of fiscal incentives of concerned RBEs on its own initiative or upon the recommendation of the Investment Promotion Agency for flagrant and material violations of any of the conditions imposed in the grant of fiscal incentives, including but not limited to, the non-compliance with the agreed performance commitments and endorse RBEs whose incentives are cancelled, suspended, or withdrawn to the concerned revenue agencies for the assessment and collection of taxes and duties due commencing from the first year of availment;

(F) x x x

(G) To require Investment Promotion Agencies and other government agencies administering tax incentives to submit, regularly or when requested, summaries of approved investment and incentives granted, and firm- or entity –level tax incentives and benefits data as input to the Fiscal Incentives Review Board’s review and audit function, and evaluation of performance of recipients of tax incentives. For this purpose, the Fiscal Incentives Review Board shall maintain a master list of registered products and services for export or domestic consumption that are entitled to incentives: Provided, That to facilitate compliance with the foregoing, the DTI, in coordination with relevant regulatory bodies, shall cause the registration and reporting by RBEs of the types of services rendered whether domestically or to foreign clients; types of products manufactured domestically, products imported and sold locally, and products exported;

(H) To publish regularly, per firm, the data pertaining to the amount of tax incentives, tax payments, and other related information, including benefits data, subject to the provisions of Chapter V of this Title;

(I) x x x

(J) x x x

(K) To decide on issues, on its own initiative or upon the recommendation of the Investment Promotion Agency after due hearing, concerning the approval, disapproval, cancellation, suspension, withdrawal, or forfeiture of tax incentives or tax subsidy in accordance with this Act. The Fiscal Incentives Review Board shall decide on the matter within ninety (90) days from the date when the Fiscal Incentives Review Board may, within thirty (30) days from receipt of the adverse decision, appeal the same to the Court of Tax Appeals;

(L) To promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to implement the intent and provisions of this Title. The Fiscal Incentives Review Board may use any electronic means of publication in the Official Gazette or its official website;

(M) x x x

(N) x x x

(O) To recommend policies to prevent abuse of fiscal incentives availment and tax evasion under this Code and smuggling activities; and

(P) To exercise all other powers necessary or incidental to attain the purposes of this Act and other laws vesting additional functions on the Fiscal Incentives Review Board.

x x x.

SEC. 23. A new Section 297-A shall be introduced in the    National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended. The new Section 297-A shall read as follows:

”SEC. 297-A. Processing of Tax Incentive Applications. – The Fiscal Incentives Review Board and Investment Promotion Agencies shall issue a decision on applications for tax incentives within twenty (20) working days from the receipt of all required documents, in accordance with Section 9 of Republic Act No. 11032, otherwise known as the ‘Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018’. An extension of the processing period may be permitted only once, and shall in no case exceed an additional twenty (20) working days.”

SEC. 24. Section 300 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 300. Strategic Investment Priority Plan. – The BOI, in consultation with the Fiscal Incentives Review Board, and the Investment Promotion Agencies, other government agencies administering tax incentives, and the private sector, shall formulate the SIPP to be submitted to the President for approval, which may contain recommendations for types of non-fiscal support needed to create high-skilled jobs to grow a local pool of enterprises, particularly micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), that can supply to domestic and global value chains, to increase the sophistication of products and services that are produced and/or sourced domestically, to expand domestic supply and reduce dependence on imports, and to attract significant foreign capital or investment. The SIPP may include areas of investment that are specific to an area or region, taking into consideration  the project or activity that the Investment Promotion Agencies in those areas or regions deem fit to promote, in order to foster regional growth and attract investments: Provided, That the project or activity identified by the Investment Promotion Agencies shall be consistent with the Philippine Development Plan and Republic Act No. 11962, otherwise known as the ‘Trabaho Para sa Bayan Act’. The SIPP shall be valid for a period of three (3) years, subject to review and amendment every three (3) years thereafter unless there would be a supervening event that would necessitate its review: Provided, That the BOI shall cause the publication of the rules and regulations implementing the SIPP, including any amendments thereof, in the Official Gazette or newspaper of general circulation, and on its official website, to be effective.

The SIPP shall contain the following:

  • Priority projects or activities that are included in the Philippines Development Plan or its equivalent, -or other government programs, taking into account any of the following:

x x x

(B) Scope and coverage of location and industry tiers in Section 296.

All sectors or industries that may be included in the SIPP shall undergo an evaluation to determine the suitability and potential of the industry or the sector in promoting long-term growth and sustainable development, and the national interest. In no case shall a sector or industry be included in the SIPP unless it is supported by a formal evaluation process or report.

x x x

In no case shall the Investment Promotion Agencies accept application unless the project or activity is listed in the SIPP. Projects or activities not listed in the SIPP shall be automatically disapproved.”

SEC. 25. Section 301 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 301. Power of the President to Grant Incentives. – Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 295, 296, and 296-A, the President may, in the interest of national economic development, or upon the recommendation of the Fiscal Incentives Review Board, modify the mix, period or manner of availment of incentives provided under this Code or craft the appropriate fiscal and non-fiscal support package for a highly desirable project or a specific industrial activity based on defined development strategies for creating high-value jobs, building new industries to diversify economic activities, and attracting significant foreign and domestic capital or investment, and the fiscal requirements of the activity or project, subject to maximum incentive levels recommended by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board: Provided, That the grant of ITH shall not exceed ten (10) years followed by SCIT of five percent (5%) or EDR; or SCIT or EDR, which may be immediately granted at the start of commercial operations: Provided, further, That the total period of income tax-based inventive availment shall not exceed forty (40) years.

The Fiscal Incentives Review Board shall determine whether the benefits that the government may derive from such investment are clear and convincing and far outweigh the cost of incentives that will be granted in determining whether a project or activity is highly desirable.

The determination by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board shall guide the President in calibrating either or both the magnitude of the incentives to be granted and the agreed performance target corresponding to the grant.

The President may exercise the powers under this section: Provided, That the following conditions are satisfied:

  • The project has a comprehensive sustainable development plan with clear inclusive business approaches, and high level of sophistication and innovation; and
  • Minimum investment capital of Fifty billion pesos (P50,000,000,000) or its equivalent in US dollars, or a minimum direct local employment generation of at least ten thousand (10,000) within three (3) years from the issuance of the certificate of entitlement.

Provided, That the threshold shall be subject to a periodic review by the Fiscal Incentives Review Board every three (3) years, taking into consideration international standards or other economic indicators: Provided, further, That if the project fails to substantially meet the projected impact on the economy and agreed performance targets, the Fiscal Incentives Review Board shall recommend to the President the cancellation of the tax incentive or fiscal and non-fiscal support package or the modified period or manner of availment of incentives, after due hearing and an adequate opportunity to substantially  comply with the agreed performance targets and outputs.

For this purpose, the President may grant non-fiscal support package limited to the utilization of government resources such as use of land and budgetary support provision under the annual General Appropriations Act.

This power of the President, in as far as it commands additional public sector expenditures in support of investors, is suspended during fiscal years when, an unmanageable fiscal deficit is declared by the President on the advice of the Development Budget Coordination Committee with a consequence that even core budgetary obligations, such as but not limited to, mandatory revenue allotments for local government units and budget for the National Economic and Development Authority’s core public investments program, cannot be fully financed.

Notwithstanding the provisions in the preceding paragraphs, tax and duty incentives granted through legislative franchises shall be exempted from the foregoing powers of the President to review, withdraw, suspend, or cancel tax incentives and subsidies.”

SEC. 26. Section 308 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 308. Penalties for Noncompliance with Filing and Reportorial Requirements. – Any RBE or other registered enterprises, which fails to comply with filing and reportorial requirements with the appropriate Investment Promotion Agencies or other government agencies administering tax incentives and/or, which fails to show proof of filing of tax returns using the electronic system for filing and payment of taxes of the BIR under Section 305 hereof, shall be imposed the following penalties by the appropriate Investment Promotion Agency or other government agency administering tax incentives:

  • First (1st) Violation – Payment of a fine amounting to One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000);
  • Second (2nd) Violation – Payment of a fine amounting to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000);
  • Third (3rd) Violation – Cancellation by the Investment Promotion Agency of the registration of the RBE.

Provided, That if the failure to show such proof is not due to the fault of the RBEs or other registered enterprises, the same shall not be a ground for the suspension of the ITH and/or other tax incentives availment: Provided, further, That collections from the penalties shall accrue to the general fund.

After due process, the concerned Investment Promotion Agency may cancel the registration, suspend the enjoyment of inventive benefits of any registered enterprise, and/or require refund of incentives enjoyed by such enterprise, including interests and monetary penalties, for any willful and material misrepresentation of information or submission of falsified or misleading information or documents for the purpose of availing of more incentives that what is entitled to under this Code: Provided, further, That in case of cancellation of the certificate of registration, the project or activity of the RBE shall cease to be registered and the RBE shall be required to pay all appropriate taxes and duties from the date of cancellation order becomes final and executory.

Provided, That the Investment Promotion Agency, with the recommendation of the Commissioner, may revoke or suspend incentives granted by the Investment Promotion Agency, and/or order a business closure of the RBE that violated Title VI (Excise Taxes on Certain Goods) and Title X (Statutory Offenses and Penalties) of this Code and other related revenue regulations, order, or issuances of the government: Provided, further, That such authority shall cover the acts of the RBE committed even in the first year of availment of incentives. Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, the DOF, the BIR, and the BOC shall retain their respective mandates, powers and functions as provided for under this Act and related laws.

Any government official or employee who fails without justifiable reason to provide or furnish the required tax incentives report or other data or information as required under Sections 306 and 307 of the Act shall be penalized, after due process, by a fine equivalent to the official’s or employee’s basic salary for a period of one (1) month to six (6) months or by suspension from government service for not more than one (1) year, or both, in addition to any criminal and administrative penalties imposable under existing laws.”

SEC. 27. Section 309 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 309. Prohibition on Registered Activities. – Except as allowed under this provision, a qualified registered project or activity under an Investment Promotion Agency administering an economic zone or freeport shall be exclusively conducted or operated within the geographical boundaries of the zone or freeport being administered by the Investment Promotion Agency in which the project or activity is registered: Provided, That an RBE may conduct or operate more than one qualified registered project or activity within the same zone or freeport under the same Investment Promotion Agency: Provided, further, That any project or activity conducted or performed outside the geographical boundaries of the zone or freeport shall not be entitled to the incentives provided in this Act: Provided, furthermore, That RBEs may institute a ‘telecommuting’ program as defined under Republic Act No. 11165, otherwise known as the “Telecommuting Act”, including work-from-home arrangements, which shall not cover more than fifty percent (50%) of the total workforce, and shall be subject to the rule and regulations formulated by the Investment Promotion Agency. The RBEs shall continue to avail of all the incentives provided under this Act and under their registration with any applicable Investment Promotion Agency: Provided, finally, That double registration for purposes of availing of other incentives under special laws shall not be allowed.”

SEC. 28. Section 310 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 310. Establishment of One-Stop Action Center and Initial Point of Contact for Foreign Investment Leads. – All Investment Promotion Agencies shall establish a one-stop shop or one-stop action center that will facilitate and expedite, to the extent possible, the setting up and conduct of registered projects or activities, including assistance in coordinating with the local government units and other government agencies to comply with the Republic Act No. 11032, otherwise known as the ‘Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018’: Provided, however, That the enterprises shall continue to avail of the one-stop shop facility notwithstanding the expiration of their incentives under this Code.

Unless otherwise provided under special laws, local government units may delegate to the concerned Investment Promotion Agency, through appropriate memoranda of agreement, the functions of accepting, processing, and granting business permits and licenses.

The Investment Promotion Agency may also assist RBEs in obtaining licenses and permits from national government agencies by accepting and submitting documentary requirements for such licenses and permits, on behalf of the RBEs to the appropriate national government agencies.

The Investment Promotion Agency may undertake activities necessary to perform the function as the initial point of contact for foreign investment leads. Such activities shall include assisting potential foreign investors in establishing their business enterprises in the concerned Investment Promotion Agency or in the economic zone best suited to their specific needs.”

SEC. 29. Section 311 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

”SEC. 311. Investments Prior to the Effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534. – RBEs with incentives granted prior to the effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534 shall be subject to incentives granted in their certificate of registration or certificate of registration and tax exemption, ad to the following rules:

  • x x x;
  • RBEs whose projects or activities were granted an ITH prior to the effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534 and are entitled to the five percent (5%) tax on gross income earned incentives after the ITH, shall be allowed to avail of the five percent (5%) tax on gross income earned incentive based on Subsection (C), including all corresponding exemptions from national taxes, local taxes, and local fees and charges until December 31, 2034;
  • RBEs currently availing of the five percent (5%) tax on gross income earned granted prior to the effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534 shall be allowed to continue availing of the said tax incentives at the rate of five percent (5%), including all corresponding exemptions from national taxes, local taxes, and local fees and charges until December 31, 2034; and
  • RBEs availing of duty exemption on importation under Section 294(D), VAT exemption on importation, and VAT zero-rating on local purchases under Section 294(E) prior to the effectivity of Republic Act No. 11534 shall be allowed to continue availing of the said tax incentives until December 31, 2034: Provided, That registered export enterprises shall continue to avail of the said tax incentives thereafter, in accordance with Title IV of this Code, the provisions of Republic Act No. 10863, otherwise known as the ‘Customs Modernization and Tariff Act’, as amended, and other applicable laws.”

SEC. 30. Appropriations. – The Secretary of Finance shall immediately include in the Department’s program the operationalization of the electronic processing of the VAT refund system, the funding of which shall be included in the annual General Appropriations Act.

SEC. 31. Transitory Provisions. – The following provisions shall apply prospectively to projects or activities granted with tax incentives under Republic Act No. 11534 upon the effectivity of this Act:

  • The exemption from national and local taxes, including local fees and charges for projects or activities availing of SCIT pursuant to Section 294(B) of Title XIII;
  • The availment of additional enhanced deductions provided under Section 294(C)(6), (7), (8), and (9) of Title XIII;
  • The imposition of twenty percent (20%) income tax rate specified in Sections 27 and 28 of this Code upon the taxable income of RBEs availing the enhanced deduction regime;
  • The imposition of RBE local tax under Section 294(F) of Title XIII, to RBEs availing of ITH or EDR; and
  • The conditions for the availment of the duty and VAT exemption on importation and VAT zero-rating on local purchases under Section 295(C) and (D) of Title XIII.

No tax refund or credit shall be granted to RBEs covered by Section 19 of this Act.

 SEC. 32. Implementing Rules and Regulations. – Within ninety (90) days from the effectivity of this Act, the Secretary of Finance, upon the recommendation of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, shall promulgate the necessary rules and regulations for its effective implementation: Provided, That for the provisions under Title XIII of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, the Secretary of Finance and the Secretary of Trade and Industry shall jointly promulgate the necessary rules and regulations thereof within the same period, after due consultation with the BIR, the BOC, the BOI, and other Investment Promotion Agencies, for its effective implementation. Failure to promulgate the rules and regulations shall not prevent the implementation of this Act upon its effectivity.

SEC. 33. Separability Clause. – If any provisions of this Act is declared unconcstitutional, the remaining parts or provisions hereof not affected thereby shall remain in full force and effect.

SEC. 34. Repealing Clause. – All laws, decrees, executive orders, implementing rules and regulations, issuances, or any part thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are deemed repealed, amended, or modified accordingly.

SEC. 35. Effectivity. – This Act shall take effect after fifteen (15) days following its publication in the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of general circulation.

Approved,

                        (signed)                                                                       (signed)

FERDINAND MARTIN G. ROMUALDEZ              FRANCIS “CHIZ” G. ESCUDERO

Speaker of the House of Representatives                               President of the Senate

This Act, which is consolidation of Senate Bill No. 2762 and House Bill No. 9794, was passed by the Senate of the Philippines and the House of Representatives on September 10, 2024.

(signed)                                                                       (signed)

REGINALD S. VELASCO                                        RENATO N. BANTUG JR.

Secretary General                                                      Secretary of the Senate

House of Representatives

Approved: Nov 08, 2024

                        (signed)

FERDINAND ROMUALDEZ MARCOS JR

President of the Philippines

Published in Business World

Clarifying the Provisions of Republic Act No. 11976, Otherwise Known as the “Ease of Paying Taxes Act”, Applicable to the Power Industry

This Revenue Memorandum Circular is issued in order to publish and clarify certain provisions of Revenue Regulations (RR) Nos. 3-2024 and 7-2024, implementing the National Revenue Code of 1997 (Tax Code), as amended by Republic Act (RA) No. 11976 or otherwise known as the “Ease of Paying Taxes (EOPT) Act”, affecting generation, transmission, and distribution companies, as well as electric cooperatives and retail electricity suppliers.

  • What is the tax treatment of the Generation and Transmission charges including the VAT thereon which are pass through charges of the Distributions Utility (DUs) Companies and Electric Cooperatives (ECs)?
    • For Sale of services, including the sale of power, gross sales of DUs and ECs shall exclude the valued-added tax and those amounts earmarked for payment to third (3rd) party as received as reimbursement for payment on behalf of another which do not redound to the benefit of the seller as provided under relevant laws, rules or regulations.

      The DUs and ECs shall issue an invoice to the customers, shall include the sale and transmission of electricity and ancillary services, including the VAT thereon of the Generation Companies (GenCos) and Transmission Companies (e.g. National Grid Corporation of the Philippines). However, the DUs and ECs shall not claim any input tax from these. The proper claimant of input tax shall be the customers engaged in business based on the invoice to be issued by DUs/ECs.

      The amount invoiced by the GenCos and Transmission Companies, which was included in the invoice issued by the DUs and ECs to the customers, including the VAT charges thereon, shall be the basis of income tax and VAT liabilities of the GenCos and Transmission Companies.
  • What are the pass-through charges for the Retail Electricity Supplier (RES) and how are they treated?
    • The pass-through charges of the RES for the sale of power are the transmission and distribution charges.

      The RES shall not claim any input tax on the pass-through charges invoiced to the customers.
  • Are the government mandated charges subject to Output Tax and consequently on Creditable Withholding on VAT and Income?
    • The following mandated government shall not be subject to Output Tax and Creditable Withholding Tax on VAT and Income:
      • Energy Tax under Batas Pambansa Blg.36;
      • Universal Charges (UC) under Sec. 34 of R.A. No. 9136 (EPIRA);
      • Benefits to Host Communities under Sec. 66 of R.A. 9136 (EPIRA) and DOE Energy Regulations No. 1-94;
      • Feed-in Tariff Allowance (FIT-ALL) under ERC Res. 24, Series of 2013;
      • National and Local Franchise Taxes under Section 9 of RA No. 9511 and Art. III of ERC Res. No. 02, Series of 2021, respectively; and
      • Real Property Tax (RPT) under Art. II of ERC Res. No. 02, Series of 2021.
  • What is the treatment of the 5% creditable VAT withheld by the government customers?
    • The amount of 5% creditable VAT withheld by the government customers which was computed baswd as creditable VAT as evidenced by BIR Form No. 2307 in the VAT Returns of the DUs and ECs who issued the invoice on the sale of electricity.
  • What is the treatment of the 2% income tax withheld by the customers engaged in business?
    • The amount of 2% tax withheld by customers engaged in business which was computed based on the total invoiced amount, including pass through charges, shall be claimed as creditable withholding tax as evidenced by BIR Form No. 2307 in the Income Tax Return of the DUs, ECs and RES who issued the invoice on the sale of electricity.
  • How will the GenCos and Transmission Companies declare the VAT on its generation and transmission fees, respectively, considering the various types of customers/end-users (i.e. vatable, zero-rated, exempt)?
    • Initially, the GenCos and Transmission Companies will issue an invoice to the DUs, ECs, and RES for the whole amount of the generation fees and transmission fees respectively, including the VAT thereon for the billing period.

      The DUs, ECs and RES shall provide the certification of zero-rated/exempt transactions to the GenCos and Transmission Companies on or before the 5th day of the month following the invoice period.

      The GenCos and Transmission Companies will then issue the applicable adjustment documents (i.e. Debit Memo/Note; Credit Memo/Note; Journal Voucher; or Negative Invoice) which may be generated from their Computerized Accounting System or prepared manually to adjust the output tax liability charged on the zero rated and exempt transactions considering that the Output VAT on such was already included in the invoice issued by the GenCos and Transmission Companies.
  • What is a Negative VAT Invoice?
    • For purposes of Question above, a negative VAT invoice issued by GenCos and Transmission Companies reflects the negative adjustment on the output tax initially charged. Said negative VAT invoice or other adjustment documents issued should indicate the original invoice/transactions being adjusted.
  • What is the treatment of the payments made by DUs, ECs and RES to GenCos and Transmission Companies representing generation, transmission and other power related charges?
    • All Payments by DUs, ECs, and RES to the GenCos and Transmission Companies pertaining to generation, transmission and other VATable charges shall be subject to VAT, hence payment shall include the VAT thereon.
  • Will GenCos and Transmission Companies be liable to the remittance of all outstanding deferred VAT from DUs and ECs prior to April 27, 2024 or the effectivity of the RR Nos. 3-2024 and 7-2024?
    • No. GenCos and Transmission Companies shall not be liable to the remittance of all outstanding deferred VAT form the effectivity of the RR No. 3-2024 on April 27, 2024.

      However, as a transitory procedure, the BIR shall require the following:
      • GenCos and TransCo shall submit (hard copy and soft copy), to the concerned Revenue District Offices (RDOs)/ Large Taxpayers (LT) Offices, on or before September 30, 2024, an inventory of the outstanding deferred VAT prior to April 27, 2024 from DUs/ECs and others.
      • DUs and ECs shall remit the deferred VAT, as collected, on behalf of each GenCos and Transmission Companies, using BIR Form No. 0605. The TIN of the GenCos and TransCo shall be clearly indicated on the BIR Form No. 0605. Mark “X” the box for ” Others (Specify)” and indicate that the payment is for “Deferred VAT – RMC No.___ “.
      • DUs and ECS shall submit (hard copy and Soft Copy) to the concerned RDOs/LT Offices, on or before the 10th day from the date of remittance of the BIR Form No. 0605, a Summary of the Remittance of Deferred VAT, clearly indicating the name of Supplier, Address, TIN RDO No., amount of VAT remitted, billing period, name of bank and date of remittance.
      • DUs/ECs shall provide the GenCos and Transmission Companies with copies of the duly filed BIR Form No. 0605, together with the proof of payment within three (3) days from the basis of the Generation and Transmission Companies for the issuance of the invoice in accordance with the transitory provision of RR No. 7-2024 and to record the payment of deferred VAT. The unremitted portion of the deferred VAT prior to April 27, 2024, if any, shall remain outstanding until fully collected or closure of the BIR audit of the power industry players.

Clarification of Certain Policies and Procedures Relative to the Implementation of the Risk-based Approach in the Verification and Processing of Value-Added Tax (VAT) Refund Claims, as Introduced in Republic Act No. 11976, Otherwise Known as the “Ease of Paying Taxes Act”

This circular is being issued to clarify and address concerns in the risk-based approach verification and processing of VAT refund claims pursuant to Section 112 (A) of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997 (Tax Code), as amended by Republic Act No. 11976 r the Ease of Paying Taxes (EOPT) Act, and as implemented by the Revenue Regulations (RR) No. 05-2024, and Revenue Memorandum Order (RMO) No. 23-2024, as amended by RMO No. 42-2024.

  • Q1: Is the submission of all documentary requirements mandated in the Checklist of Mandatory Requirements for VAT refund purposes prescribed under Annex “A.1” of Revenue Memorandum Circular (RMC) No. 71-2023 required regardless of the identified risk level?
    • A1: Yes, all documentary requirements mandated by the BIR for purposes of VAT refund under Section 112 (A) of the Tax Code shall be submitted by the taxpayer regardless of the identified risk level. Ther determination of the risk level of the VAT refund claim can only be established once the application is officially received by the appropriate BIR processing office, inasmuch as the amount of claim, period covered, frequency of filing, among others, are already ascertained.
  • Q2: What constitutes the submission of complete documentary requirements for purposes of VAT refund claims and what is the consequences for non-compliance thereof?
    • A2: The submission of complete documentary shall be based on the completeness of documents as enumerated in the Checklist of Mandatory Requirements (Annex A.1). Non-compliance with the completeness of mandatory requirements shall result in the non-acceptance of the VAT refund application.
  • Q3: With the number of documents required in the said Checklist of Mandatory Requirements which are sometimes voluminous, how can receiving office ensure that all documents are indeed submitted?
    • A3: During checklisting of submitted documents, the receiving offices shall perform the following procedures:
      • Check the completeness and propriety in the accomplishment of the application form for VAT refund particularly those falling under “General Requirements”;
      • Check if the schedules comply with the prescribed format and that the required supporting documents are present but without confirmation if all the indicated transactions (e.g., sales, purchases) are individually supported.

        Once all the documentary requirements were checked as submitted, the application for refund is accepted and the cursory checking of the completeness of documents supporting sales and purchases shall be done after acceptance.
  • Q4: When does the 90-day period to process VAT refund claims start?
    • A4: The 90-day period to process and decide shall start from the time of acceptance of the processing office of the claim/application for VAT refund with complete documentary requirements as a result of the checklisting procedure as discussed in Q&A No. 3.
  • Q5: What is the difference between the “Checklisting” procedure as compared to “Verification” procedure?
    • A5: checklisting procedure is the initial stage in the processing of VAT refund claims and is limited only to ensuring the completeness of the submitted documentary requirements by the taxpayer-claimant. This includes the procedure being done prior to acceptance of the application and the cursory checking of the supporting documents submitted for sales of goods, sales of services, and purchases, which is done after the acceptance of the application. This supersedes the verification procedures under Item 5 of Annex D.1 (sales of goods), Item 5 of Annex E (sale of services), and Item 3 of Annex F (purchases) under RMO No. 23-2023.

      Verification procedure, on the other hand, is the process that ensures the correctness and accuracy of documents, involving thorough examination, evaluation and a deeper level of analysis and investigation. This includes the verification procedures for claims under Section 112(A) of the Tax Code, as amended, as outlined in Annex C.1 of RMO No. 23-2023.
  • Q6: With the enactment of the EOPT Act, will there be changes in the sequence of processing of VAT refund claims?
    • A6: Yes. VAT refund claims have to be classified as to low-, medium-, or high-risk claims. The sequence in the processing of VAT refund claims shall now be as follows:
      • Checklisting based on the Checklist of Mandatory Requirements;
      • Cursory checking of completeness of supporting documents submitted for sales and purchases of goods and services after the application has been accepted;
      • Determination of the risk level if the claim;
      • Processing and verification for medium and high-risk claims. for low-risk claims, these will be automatically recommended for refund, net of the effect of the sales and purchases that are tagged as “no supporting documents (NSD)”.
  • Q7: What is the impact of the note “NSD” upon confirmation of the completeness of supporting documents submitted for sales and purchases of goods and purchases of goods and services?
    • A7: Sales and purchases determined to be “NSD” (e.g., a supporting document indicated in the schedules cannot be found in the physical documents submitted) during cursory checking of the completeness of the supporting documents, such “NSD” shall not considered as incomplete submission, but the same shall result in the disallowance of the unsubstantiated portion of the sales or purchases regardless of the risk classification.

      However, in the event that the “NSD: for sales and purchases exceeded at least 1% of the total amount of sales (for sale transactions) or total amount of claim (for purchase transactions), the application shall automatically be classified as high-risk and shall require 100% verification.

      Example 1: The taxpayer-claimant submitted the following documents in support of its claim for VAT refund amounting to P107,000,000.00:
Result: The noted NSD for both sales and purchases transactions exceeded the 1% of the total amount of sales and the total amount of claim. Hence, the application shall be automatically classified as high-risk.

Example 2: The taxpayer-claimant submitted the following documents in support of its claim for VAT refund amounting to P 7,000,000.00:

Result: The noted NSD for sales transactions did not exceed the 1% of the total amount of sales but did exceed 1% of the total amount of claim for purchases transactions. Hence, the application shall still be automatically classified as high-risk.
  • Q8: What will the treatment on missing/incomplete information in the schedules of sales and purchases submitted?
    • A8: Applications with missing/incomplete information (e.g., no reference details, incomplete/no transaction details, etc.) in the schedules of sales and purchases shall automatically be classified as high-risk claim and shall require 100% verification pursuant to RMO No. 42 – 2024.
  • Q9: What is the meaning of “No Verification’ on the scope of verification of Sales and Purchases for “Low-risk” claims?
    • A9: Processing of VAT refund claims classified as low-risk shall be limited only to the checklisting and completeness of documentary requirements under the Checklist of Mandatory Requirements. Verification procedures for sales of goods and services as well as purchases and input tax shall no longer be performed.
  • Q10: What should the assigned Revenue Officer (RO) do if they notice any potential findings during the processing of VAT refund claims for Low-risk claims?
    • A10: If the assigned Revenue Officer (RO) notices any potential findings during the processing of the VAT refund claims (e.g., possible findings from AFS disclosures, discrepancies in the amounts reported in the VAT returns, etc.), these findings shall be:
      • Endorsed for further verification and/or consolidation with the existing audit if the processing is conducted by an Officer other than the BIR office that has jurisdiction over the claimant; or
      • Incorporate to the existing audit for the taxable year covered by the claim if processed within the same BIR for further verification.

        Moreover, the RO shall mention in his/her memorandum report the findings noted and the endorsement for further verification.
  • Q11: What verification procedures to be observe for “Medium-risk” and “High-risk” claims?
    • A11: For both medium-risk and high-risk claims, the verification procedures outlines in RMO No. 23-2023 shall still apply, with the exception of sales and purchases transactions not included in the required percentage of documents to be verified medium-risk claims.
  • Q12: What will be the treatment on local suppliers with input VAT claimed that are not selected for verification but are identified as Cannot be Located (CBL) taxpayers and/or included in the Run After Fake transactions (RAFT) program for Medium-risk claims?
    • A12: Input VAT claimed from local suppliers that are not selected for verification but are identified as CBL taxpayers shall not be allowed and shall form part of the disallowance of the claim pursuant to Revenue Memorandum Circular (RMC) No. 29-2023.

      Similarly, input VAT claimed from local suppliers not selected for verification but included in the RAFT program shall not be allowed, leading to outright disallowance for those identified suppliers.

      The local suppliers identified as CBL taxpayers and/or included in the RAFT program shall be included for disallowance, in addition to the selected suppliers not included thereto.
  • Q13: What is the effectivity of this Circular?
    • A13: This Circular shall take effect immediately upon posting in the BIR Website.
      Moreover, this shall cover on-going VAT refund claims currently being processed by the appropriate processing office/s and were not endorsed for review by the reviewing offices upon the issuance of this Circular.

By: Garry Pagaspas, CPA

With the advent of advanced technology, sales of goods and services has been automated online worldwide through digitalization without much interaction among buyers and sellers. For buyers, this gave much advantage for being able to acquire goods and services from outside the country, while local suppliers are challenged for competition within and outside Philippines. On the other side, it made the government realized the seemingly inequality on taxation between local suppliers paying taxes on sales while giving undue advantage for non-resident suppliers deriving income through digital platform from Philippine buyers without paying taxes on them in Philippines. These inequalities paved way to the legislation of Republic Act No, 12023 – Value Added Tax (VAT) on Digital Services Law in Philippines (RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines) that is aimed to level the playing field among digital service providers – local and foreign. By this present, let us share the basic features of Republic Act No, 12023 – Value Added Tax (VAT) on Digital Services Law in Philippines as follows:

1. Classified and defined digital services and digital services providers

RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines now classified digital services as among those services subject to 12% value added tax in Philippines. By definition, “digital services” shall refer to any service supplied over the internet or other electronic network with the use of information technology and where the supply of the service is essentially automated. Digital services shall include online search engines; online marketplace or e-marketplace; cloud services; online media and advertising; online platforms; or digital goods. For the purpose and by implication, digital service providers would refer to those who supply digital services subject to 12% value added tax in Philippines and is further classified as resident or non-resident – those that has no physical presence in Philippines.

In a Press Release of the Department of Finance dated September 28, 2024, it cited among digital service providers some popular streaming services such as Netflix, Disney+, and online shopping sites such as Shein, Temu and Amazon who will now have to pay for VAT on their digital services that are consumed in Philippines.

2. Imposed 12% VAT on non-resident digital services providers consumed in Philippines

Under RA 12023 – VAT on Digital Services Philippines, digital service providers are liable for 12% value added tax on their supply of digital services – whether residents on non-residents. This seems plain and simple for resident digital service providers who have a registered local entity in Philippines while for non-residents, this seems totally new, if not challenging. Accordingly, non-resident digital services providers are now subject to 12% VAT under RA 12023 – VAT on Digital Services Philippines and the following special rules apply:

  • if Ph buyer is non-VAT registered, remit 12% VAT to the BIR;
  • If Ph buyer is VAT registered, impose 12% VAT and buyer will withhold and remit 12% VAT to BIR;
  • If classified as online marketplace or e-marketplace, they will also be liable to remit 12% VAT on transactions on non-resident sellers that go through the platform.

RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines specifically provides that non-resident digital service providers are not allowed to claim creditable input VAT.

Notably, prior to RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines, 12% VAT on services of non-residents normally apply to those services being rendered in the Philippines, regardless of whether they are regularly rendered in Philippines. Under RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines, digital services of non-residents through their digital platforms are considered services performed in Philippines if such services are consumed in the Philippines.

3. Imposed further tax compliance obligations on non-resident digital services providers

RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines requires the following tax compliance obligations upon non-resident digital services providers:

  • Registration as VAT taxpayer in Philippines and for the purpose, BIR is to establish simplified automatic registration system for non-resident digital service providers. On comment, I would suppose this should be based on VAT threshold (e.g. PhP3M) under the rules.
  • Registering and maintaining books of accounts relative to its registration, but not required subsidiary sales and purchases journal that is usually required for VAT registered taxpayers in Philippines.
  • Registering and issuance of Sales Invoice for digital services to Philippine buyers with the following specified details that should indicates on the sales invoice in lieu of the requirements under Section 113(b) paragraphs 1 to 4: Date of the transaction; transaction reference number; Identification of the customer; brief description of the transaction, and the total amount with the indication that such amount includes the VAT.

Notably, penalties would be imposed for non-compliance of the above by the digital service providers in Philippines.

4. VAT exemption on digital services in Philippines

While RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines imposes 12% VAT on digital services consumed in Philippines, it nevertheless imposed the following exemptions:

  • digital services with respect to sale of online subscription-based services to DepEd, CHED and TESDA and to Ph educational institutions duly accredited by such agencies; and,
  • services of banks, non-bank financial intermediaries and other non -bank financial intermediaries rendered through digital platforms.

5. Ph local buyers’ obligation to withhold VAT on payments to digital service providers

Considering the peculiarity of non-residents who do not have physical presence, RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines imposed the following withholding tax obligations to local buyers in the Philippines:

  • Withhold of 12% VAT on non-registered non-resident digital service providers for payments by government or any of its political subdivisions, instrumentalities or agencies including government owned and controlled corporations (GOCCs); and,
  • Withholding of 12% VAT of VAT registered buyers in the Philippines.

Notably, the above are added withholding tax obligations imposed under RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines while the rest of the withholding VAT rules would seem to remain in place such as 5% creditable VAT on government money payments to local VAT suppliers.

6. Funding for the development of creative industry in Philippines

Under RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines 5% of incremental VAT revenues on digital services for the first five (5) years from effectivity of the law will be allocated and exclusive used for the development of creative industries in the Philippines.

7. Eyed to generate PhP80B to PhP145 B of revenues for 2025 to 2028.

As Sec of Finance puts it during its Press Release dated Sept. 28, 2024, RA 12023 – VAT on Digital Services Law in Philippine projects around PhP80B to PhP145B of VAT revenues for the period 2025 to 2028, depending on the compliance of digital services providers and related taxpayers.  

8. Power to block digital services of non-residents in coordination with DICT through NTC

RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines provides that the power of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue to suspend operations shall include the blocking of digital services performed or rendered in the Philippines by a digital service provider which shall be implemented by the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) through the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC).

Disclaimer.

The above features are lifted from the author’s understanding and personal take of the provisions of RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines summarized for better appreciation of its provisions. The author suggests reading through the provisions of RA 12023 -VAT on Digital Services Philippines and watch-out for the implementing rules to be issued soon for further details.

Author’s Profile:

Garry Pagaspas, CPA is a currently the Managing and Tax Partner of G. Pagaspas Partners & Co. CPAs (independent member firm of Allinial Global, 2nd largest accounting association worldwide based on International Accounting Bulletin’s 2023 released survey) based in Makati City with Global Outsourcing offices in Kalibo, Aklan. He is likewise the President at Tax and Accounting Center, Inc., the training and consulting company he founded in relation to his passion for teaching and helping out Ph entrepreneurs and foreign investors to Philippines.

Views in this article is personal to the author, not equivalent to a professional opinion and does not represent that of the organizations he is connected with. For your feedback or related concerns on staff leasing or employer of record in Philippines, you may send mail at info(@)taxactgcenter.ph (please exclude open and close parenthesis on the @ sign.

H. No. 4122

S. No. 2528

Republic of the Philippines

Congress of the Philippines

Metro Manila

Nineteenth Congress

Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-second day of July, two thousand twenty-four.

[Republic Act No. 12023]

AN ACT AMENDING SECTIONS 105, 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 115, 128, 236, AND 288 AND               ADDING NEW SECTIONS 108-A AND 108-B OF THE NATIONAL INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1997, AS AMENDED

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled;

SEC 1. Section 105 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby amended to read as follows:

Sec. 105. Persons Liable. – Any person who, in the course of trade or business, sells, barters, exchanges, leases goods or properties, renders services, including digital services, and any person who imports goods shall be subject to the value-added tax imposed in Sections 106 to 108 of this Code.

“The value-added tax is an indirect tax and the amount of tax may be shifted or passed on to the buyer, transferee or lessee of the goods, properties or services. This rule shall likewise apply to existing contracts of sale or lease of goods, properties or services at the time of the effectivity of Republic Act No. 7716.

“The phrase ‘in the course of trade or business’ means the regular conduct or pursuit of a commercial or an economic activity, including transactions incidental thereto,  by any person regardless of whether or not the person engaged therein is a nonstock, nonprofit private organization (irrespective of the disposition of its net income and whether or not it sells exclusively to members or their guests), or government entity.

“The rule of regularity, to the contrary notwithstanding, services as defined in this Code rendered in the Philippines by nonresident foreign persons shall be considered as being rendered in the course of trade or business: Provided, That digital services delivered by nonresident digital service providers shall be considered performed or rendered in the Philippines if the digital services are consumed in the Philippines.”

SEC 2. Section 108 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 108. Value-added Tax on the Sale of Services, Including Digital Services, and the Use or Lease of Properties. –

“(A) Rate and Base of Tax. – There shall be levied, assessed and collected, a value-added tax equivalent to twelve percent (12%) of the gross sales derived from the sale or exchange of services, including digital services, and the use or lease of properties.           

“The phrase ‘sale or exchange of services’ means the performance of all kinds of services in the Philippines for others for a fee, remuneration, or consideration, including those performed or rendered by construction and service contractors; stock, real estate, commercial, customs and immigration brokers; lessors of property, whether personal or real; warehousing services; lessors or distributors of cinematographic films; persons engaged in milling, processing, manufacturing, or repacking goods for others; proprietors, operators or keepers of hotels, motels, rest houses, pension houses, inns, resorts; proprietors or operators of restaurants, refreshment parlors, cafes and other eating places, including clubs and caterers; dealers in securities; lending investors; transportation contractors on their transport of goods or cargoes, including persons who transport goods or cargoes for hire and other domestic common carriers by land relative to their transport of goods or cargoes; common carriers by air and sea relative to their transport of passengers, goods or cargoes from one place in the Philippines to another place in the Philippines; sales of electricity by generation companies, transmission by any entity, and distribution companies, including electric cooperatives; services of franchise grantees of electric utilities, telephone and telegraph, radio and television broadcasting and all other franchise grantees except those under Section 119 of this Code, and non-life insurance companies (except their crop insurances), including surety, fidelity, indemnity and bonding companies; digital service providers,; and similar services regardless of whether or not the performance thereof calls for the exercise or use of the physical or mental faculties. The phrase ‘sale or exchange of services’ shall likewise include:

“(1) x x x;

“(2) x x x;

“(3) x x x;

“(4) x x x;

“(5) x x x;

“(6) x x x;

“(7) The supply of digital services;

“(8) The lease of motion picture films, films, tapes, and discs; and

“(9) The lease or the use of or right to use radio, television, satellite transmission, and cable television time.

“Lease of properties shall be subject to the tax herein imposed irrespective of the place where the contract of lease or licensing agreement was executed if the property is leased or used in the Philippines. “x x x.”

SEC. 3. A new section designated as Section 108-A under Chapter I, Title IV, of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby inserted to read as follows:

“Sec. 108-A. Liability of Persons Providing Digital Services. – The digital service provider, whether resident or nonresident, shall be liable for assessing, collecting, and remitting the value-added tax on the digital services consumed in the Philippines, subject to the provision on withholding of value-added tax on digital services under Section 114(D).

“When used in this title:

“(a) The term ‘digital service’ shall refer to any service that is supplied over the internet or other electronic network with the use of information technology and where the supply of the service is essentially automated. Digital service shall include:

“(1) Online search engine;

“(2) Online marketplace or e-marketplace;

“(3) Cloud service;

“(4) Online media and advertising;

“(5) Online platform; or

“(6) Digital goods.

“(B) The term ‘digital service provider’ refers to a resident or nonresident supplier of digital services to a consumer who uses digital services subject to value-added tax in the Philippines. “(C) The term ‘nonresidential digital service provider’ means a digital service provider that has no physical presence in the Philippines.”

SEC. 4. A new section designated as Section 108-B under Chapter I, Title IV, of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby inserted to read as follows:

“Sec. 108-B. Liability of a Nonresident Digital Service Provider to Withhold and Remit Value-Added Tax. – A nonresident digital service provider required to be registered for value-added tax (VAT) under Section 236 (F) of this Code shall be liable for the remittance of value-added tax on the digital services that are consumed in the Philippines if the consumers are non-VAT registered: Provided, That if the consumers are VAT-registered, the provision of Section 114(D) shall apply.

Ïf a VAT-registered nonresident digital service provider is classified as an online marketplace or e-marketplace, it shall also be liable to remit the value-added tax on the transactions of nonresident sellers that go through its platform: Provided, That it controls key aspects of the supply and performs any of the following:

“(a) It sets, either directly or indirectly, any of the terms and conditions under which the supply of goods is made; or

“(b) It is involved in the ordering or delivery of goods, whether directly or indirectly.

SEC. 5. Section 109 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 109. Except Transaction. –

“The following transactions shall be exempt from the value-added tax:

“(A) x x x

“(B) x x x

“(C) x x x

“(D) x x x

“(E) x x x

“(F) x x x

“(G) x x x

“(H) Educational services, including online courses, online seminars, and online trainings, rendered by private educational institutions, duly accredited by the Department of Education (DepEd), the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), and those rendered by government educational institutions; and sale of online subscription-based services to DepEd, CHED, TESDA, and educational institutions recognized by said government agencies;

“(I) x x x

“(J) x x x

“(K) x x x

“(L) x x x

“(M) x x x

“(N) x x x

“(O) x x x

“(P) x x x

“(Q) x x x

“(R) x x x

“(S) x x x

“(T) x x x

“(U) x x x

“(V) Services of bank, non-bank financial intermediaries performing quasi-banking functions, and other non-bank financial intermediaries, including those rendered through different digital platforms;

“(W) x x x

“(X) x x x

“(Y) x x x

“(Z) x x x

“(AA) x x x

“(BB) x x x

“(CC) x x x.”

SEC. 6. Section 110 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

Sec. 110. Tax Credits. –

“(A) Creditable Input Tax. –

“(1) x x x

“(2) The input tax on domestic purchase or importation of goods or properties by a VAT-registered person shall be creditable:

“(a) To the purchaser upon consummation of sale and on importation of goods or properties; and

“(b) To the importer upon payment of the value-added tax prior to the release of the goods from the custody of the Bureau of Customs.

Provided, That the input tax on goods purchased or imported in a calendar month for use in trade or business for which deduction for depreciation is allowed under this Code shall be spread evenly over the month of acquisition and the fifty-nine(59) succeeding months if the aggregate acquisition cost for such goods, excluding the VAT component thereof, exceeds One million pesos (P1,000,000): Provided, however, That if the estimated useful life of the capital good is less than five (5) years, as used for depreciation purposes, then the input VAT shall be spread over such a shorter period: Provided, further, That the amortization of the input VAT shall be allowed until December 31, 2021 after which taxpayers with unutilized input VAT on capital goods purchased or imported shall be allowed to apply the same as scheduled until fully utilized: Provided, finally, That in the case of purchase of services, lease r use of properties, the input tax shall be creditable to the purchaser, lessee or licensee upon payment of the compensation, rental, royalty or fee.

“Notwithstanding the foregoing, nonresident digital service providers shall not be allowed to claim creditable input tax.

“x x x.”

SEC. 7. Section 113 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 113. Invoicing and Accounting Requirements for VAT-Registered Persons. –

“(A) Invoicing Requirement. – A VAT-registered person shall issue a VAT invoice for every sale, barter, exchange, or lease of goods or properties, and for every sale, barter, or exchange of services: Provided, That a digital sales or commercial invoice shall be issued for every sale, barter, or exchange of digital services made by a VAT-registered nonresident digital service provider.

“(B) Information Contained in the VAT Invoice. –  x x x

“(1) x x x

“(2) x x x

“(3) x x x

“(4) x x x

“(5) The digital sales or commercial invoice issued by a VAT-registered nonresident digital service provider shall indicate the following information in lieu of the requirements under Section 113, Subsection (b), paragraph 1 to 4:

“(a) Date of the transaction;

“(b) Transaction reference number;

“(c) Identification of the customer

“(d) Brief description of the transaction; and

“(e) The total amount with the indication that such amount includes the value-added tax:

“Provided, That if the sale of digital services includes some services which are subject to VAT, and some that are VAT zero-rated, or VAT-exempt, the invoice shall clearly indicate the breakdown of the sale price by its taxable, VAT-exempt, and VAT zero-rated components: Provided, further, That the calculation of the value-added tax on each portion of the sale shall be shown on the invoice.

“(C) Accounting Requirements – Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 233, all persons subject to the value-added tax under Section 106 and 108 shall, in addition to the regular accounting records required, maintain a subsidiary sales journal and subsidiary purchase journal on which the daily sales and purchases are recorded. The subsidiary journals shall contain such information as may be required by the Secretary of Finance: Provided, That this subsection shall not apply to VAT-registered nonresident digital service providers.

“(D) x x x

“(E) x x x

SEC. 8. Section 114 of the National Internal Revenue Code of the 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 114. Return and Payment of Value-Added Tax. –

“(A) In General. – x x x

“(B) Where to Fil the Return and Pay the Tax. – x x x

“(C) Withholding of Value-Added Tax. – The Government or any of its political subdivisions, instrumentalities or agencies, including government-owned or –controlled corporations (GOCCs) shall, before making payment on account of each purchase of goods and services which are subject to the value-added tax imposed in Sections 106 and 108 of this Code, deduct and withhold a final value-added tax at the rate of five percent (5%) of the gross payment thereof: Provided, That beginning January 1, 2021, the VAT withholding system under this subsection shall shift from final to a creditable system: Provided, further, That the payment for lease or use of properties or property rights to nonresident owners and payments for services to nonresident suppliers who are not registered under Section 236 shall be subject to twelve percent (12%) withholding tax at the time of payment: Provided, finally, That payments for purchases of goods and services arising from projects funded by Official Development Assistance (ODA) as defined under Republic Act No. 8182, otherwise known as the ‘Official Development Assistance Act of 1996” as amended, shall not be subject to the final withholding tax system as imposed in this subsection. For purposes of this section, the payor or person in control of the payment shall be considered as the withholding agent.

“(D) Reverse Charge Mechanism in Digital Services. – A VAT-registered taxpayer shall be liable to withhold and remit the value-added tax due on its purchase of digital services consumed in the Philippines from nonresident digital service providers to the Bureau of Internal Revenue, within (10) days following the end of the month the withholding was made.”

SEC. 9. Section 115 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 115. Power of the Commissioner to Suspend the Business Operations of a Taxpayer. – x x x

“(a) x x x –

“(1) x x x

“(2) x x x

“(3) x x x

“(b) Failure of any Person to Register as Required under Section 236.

“The temporary closure of the establishment shall be for the duration of not less than five (5) days and shall be lifted only upon compliance with whatever requirements prescribed by the Commissioner in the closure order,

“The power of the Commissioner to suspend shall include the blocking of digital services performed or rendered in the Philippines by a digital service provider. This shall be implemented by the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT), through the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC).”

SEC. 10. Section 128 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 128. Returns and Payment of Percentage Taxes. –

“(A) Returns of Gross Sales or Earnings and Payment of Tax. –

“(1) Persons Liable to Pay Percentage Taxes. – Every person subject to the percentage taxes imposed under this Title shall file, either electronically or manually, a quarterly return of the amount of the person’s gross sales or earnings and pay, either electronically or manually, to any authorized agent bank, Revenue District Office through Revenue Collection Officer or authorized tax software provider, the tax due thereon within twenty-five (25) days after the end of each taxable quarter: Provided, That the Secretary of Finance may, upon the recommendation of the Commissioner, require the withholding of percentage taxes imposed under this Title: Provided, further, That in the case of a person whose VAT registration is cancelled and who becomes liable to the tax imposed in Section 116 of this Code, the tax shall accrue from the date of cancellation and shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of this section.

“(2) Person Retiring from Business. – Any person retiring from a business subject to percentage tax shall notify the nearest internal revenue officer, file, either electronically or manually, the person’s return and pay, either electronically or manually the tax due thereon within twenty (20) days after closing the business.

“(3) Determination of Correct Sales. – When it is found that a person has failed to issue invoices, or when no return is filed, or when there is reason to believe that the books of accounts or other records do not correctly reflect the declarations made or to be made in a return required to be filed under the provisions of this Code, the Commissioner, after taking into account the sales or other taxable base of other persons engaged in similar businesses under similar situations or circumstances, or after considering other relevant information, may prescribe a minimum amount of such gross sales and taxable base and such amount so prescribed shall be prima facie correct for purposes of determining the internal revenue tax liabilities of such person.

“(B) Where to File. – x x x”

SEC. 11. Section 236 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

Sec. 236. Registration Requirements. –

“(A) x x x

“(B) x x x

“(C) x x x

“(D) x x x

“(E) x x x

“(F) Persons Required to Register for Value-Added Tax. –

“(1) Any person who, in the course of trade or business, sells, barters, exchanges, or leases goods or properties, including those digital in nature, any person who renders services, including digital services, or engages in the sale or exchange of services, shall be liable to register, either electronically or manually, for value-added tax if:

“(a) The person’s gross sales for the past twelve (12) months, other than those that are exempt under Section 109 (A) to (CC), have exceeded the threshold as provided in Section 109 (CC); or

“(b) There are reasonable grounds to believe that the gross sales for the next twelve (12) months, other than those that are exempt under Section 109 (A) to (CC), will exceed the threshold as provided in Section 109 (CC):

“Provided, That the BIR shall establish a simplified automated registration system for nonresident digital service providers, which shall be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance, upon the recommendation of the Commissioner.

“x x x.”

SEC. 12. Section 288 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 288. Disposition of Incremental Revenues. – x x x

“(H) Incremental Revenues from the Value-added Tax on Digital Service Providers. – Five percent (5%) of the incremental revenue from the value-added tax on digital service providers under Section 108 shall be allocated to and used exclusively for the development of creative industries, as defined under Republic Act No. 11904, otherwise known as the “Philippine Creative Industries Development Act,” for five (5) years from the effectivity of this Act

“Upon the lapse of the five (5) year period, all such incremental revenues shall accrue to the General Fund.”

SEC. 13. Mode of Correspondence. – Any communication, notice, or summons to a nonresident digital service provider can be made via electronic mail messaging.

SEC. 14. Transitory Clause. – Nonresident digital service providers shall immediately be subject to value-added tax under this Act after one hundred twenty (120) days from the effectivity of the implementing rules and regulations.

SEC. 15. Implementing Rules and Regulations. – The Department of Finance (DOF), upon the recommendation of the BIR, and in coordination with the DICT and the NTC, and upon consultation with the stakeholders, shall issue rules and regulation for the effective implementation of this Act not later than ninety (90) days from the effectivity of this Act.

SEC. 16. Separability Clause. – Should any provision of this Act or any part thereof be declared invalid, the other provisions, so far as they are separable from the invalid ones, shall remain in force and effect.

SEC. 17. Repealing Clause. – All laws, decrees, orders, and issuances, or portions thereof, which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby repealed, amended, or modified accordingly.

Approved,

FRANCIS “CHIZ” G. ESCUDERO                                  FERDINAND MARTIN G. ROMUALDEZ

     President of the Senate                                               Speaker of the House of  Representatives 

This Act, which is a consolidation of House Bill No. 4122 and Senate Bill No.  2528, was passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate of the Philippines on July 30, 2024, and July 29, 2024, respectively.

RENATO N. BANTUC JR.                                                 REGINALD S. VELASCO

Secretary of the Senate                                          Secretary General, House of Representatives  

 Approved: October 02, 2024

Clarification on the Types of Checks Accepted for Payment for One-Time Transaction-Related Internal Revenue Taxes

This Circular is hereby issued to clarify the types of checks accepted in payment for One-Time Transaction (ONETT) – related internal revenue taxes, pursuant to Revenue Memorandum Order (RMO) No. 49-2018, as amended.

Section II of Revenue Memorandum Circular No. (RMC) No. 4- 2021 provides guidelines for payments of taxes through Authorized Revenue Collection Officers (RCOs), citing RMO No. 8-2009 as follows:

“4. The Issuance of RORs shall be limited to tax payments, in cash not exceeding the amount of twenty thousand pesos (Php 20,000.00) per return. However, there shall be no limit on the amount if payment is made thru checks.
The following checks should be accepted in payment for internal revenue taxes:
1. Manager’s or Cashier’s Checks;
2. Checks drawn against a joint or multiple account for the purpose of tax payment of the personal tax liability of any of the members thereof provided that the name and TIN of the paying member/s shall be indicated on the back/face of the check;
3. Checks drawn against the personal account of the owner of a single proprietorship in payment of the tax liability of his/her business;
4. Checks drawn against the account of a single proprietorship in payment of the tax liability of the owner provided that the name and TIN of the owner are indicated at the face/back of the check;
5. Checks issued by either of the spouses to pay their income tax liabilities.”

In relation thereto, this Office clarifies that for ONETT-related taxes, taxpayers may make payments over the counter using either cash or check at any Authorized Agents Banks (AABs) or RCOs. However, RCOs, can only accept cash payments up to twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00). For payments by check, both AABs and RCOs are directed to accept only Manager’s or Cashier’s Check regardless of the amount to standardize the requirements and expedite the verification processes.

Prescribing the Presentation of Tax Clearance Prior to Final Settlement of Government Contracts

Background
Section 1 of Executive Order (E.O.) No. 398, s. of 2005 dated July 12, 2005, directs that:

“SECTION 1. All persons, natural or juridical, local or foreign, desiring to enter into or participate in any contract with the government, its departments, bureaus, offices and agencies, including state universities and colleges, government-owned and/or controlled corporations, government financial institutions and local government units, shall as a pre-condition, submit, along with their proposal and/or bid, a copy of their latest income and business tax returns duly stamped and received by the Bureau of Internal Revenue, and duly validated with the tax payment made thereon.

They shall also submit a tax clearance from the Bureau of Internal Revenue to prove full and timely payment of taxes.”

Pursuant thereto, Section 23 of Rule VIII-Receipt and Opening of Bid of the 2016 Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of Republic Act (R.A.) No. 9184, otherwise known as the “The Government Procurement Reform Act”, provides that:

“Section 23. Eligibility Requirements for the Procurement of Goods and Infrastructure Projects

23.1. For purposes of determining the eligibility of bidders using the criteria stated in section 23.4 of this IRR, only the following documents shall be required by the BAC, using the forms prescribed in the Bidding Documents:

  • Class “A” Documents
    Legal Documents
    • xxx
    • xxx
    • Tax clearance per E.O. 398, s. 2005, as finally reviewed and approved by the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR).”

Moreover, Section 3 of the same E.O. mandates that:

“Sec. 3. To ensure continuing compliance with tax laws, all government contracts shall include a stipulation that the private contracting party shall pay taxes in full and on time and that failure to do so will entitle the government to suspend payment for any goods or service delivered by the private contracting party. (Underlining ours)

All government contracts shall likewise include a stipulation requiring the private contracting party to regularly present, within the duration of the contract, a tax clearance from the Bureau of Internal Revenue as well as a copy of its income and business tax returns duly stamped and received by the Bureau of Internal Revenue and duly validated with the tax payments made thereon.”(Underlining ours)

The above provisions clearly show that the BIR tax clearance is not only required to be submitted by the contractor during the procurement process as an eligibility requirement. In order to ensure payment of taxes in full and on time, the BIR tax clearance is also required to be presented by the contractor on a regular basis as proof of payment of taxes during the duration of the contract it entered into the government. Non-submission of such tax clearance entitles the government to suspend the payment for any goods or service, including infrastructure projects, delivered by the contractor.

Accordingly, in order to fully achieve the requirements and objectives of E.O. 398, s. of 2005, these Regulations are hereby issued.

Section 1. Scope – Pursuant to Sections 244 and 245 of the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC) of 1997, as amended, and taking into account the thrusts and objectives of E.O. No. 398, s. 2005, these Regulations are hereby promulgated to prescribe the presentation of BIR tax clearance prior to the final settlement of all government contracts.

Section 2. Presentation Of Updated Tax Clearance Prior to Final Settlement of Government Contracts – All persons, natural or juridical, local or foreign, who have existing contracts with the government, its departments, bureaus, offices and agencies, including, state universities and colleges, government-owned and/or controlled corporations, government financial institutions and local government units for the supply of goods and services, including infrastructure projects, shall secure from the BIR an updated tax clearance certifying that they have no outstanding tax liabilities and that they have duly filed the latest income and business tax returns and paid the corresponding taxes due thereon. Such tac clearance shall be presented by the contractor to the concerned departments, bureaus, offices and agencies, including state universities and colleges, government-owned and/or controlled corporations, government financial institutions and local government units prior to the final settlement of the contract it entered into with them.

Failure to secure and present the prescribed BIR tax clearance shall entitle the government, its departments, bureaus, offices and agencies, including state universities and colleges, government-owned and/or controlled corporations, government financial institutions and local government financial institutions and local government units to suspend the final settlement for any goods or services, including infrastructure projects, delivered by the contractor.

Section 3. Suspended Final Settlement and Retention Money as tax Lien – The amount of final settlement of the contract for any goods and services, including infrastructure projects, delivered by the contractor which was suspended by the government, its departments, bureaus, offices and agencies, including state universities and colleges, government-owned and local government units due to the failure to present the BIR tax clearance prescribed by these Regulations, including the retention money required pursuant to the provisions of R.A. No. 9184 and its implementing regulations, shall be subject to tax lien as may be warranted in favor of the government to satisfy the contractor’s outstanding tax liabilities. The existing guidelines and procedures governing distraint and garnishment shall be applied accordingly.

Section 4. Penalties – Any violation of these Regulations shall be subject to the corresponding penalties under the pertinent provisions of the NIRC of 1997, as amended, and applicable regulations issued by the BIR.

Section 5. Repealing Clause – All other issuances and rules and regulations or parts thereof which are contrary to and inconsistent with any provisions of these Regulations are hereby repealed, amended, or modified accordingly.

Section 6. Effectivity – These Regulations shall take effect fifteen (15) days following its publication in the Official Gazette or the BIR official website, whichever comes first.

Prescribing the Updated Floor Price for Cigarette, Heated Tobacco, and Vapor Products Pursuant to Sections 114(B) and (C) and 145 (C) of the NIRC of 1997, As Ammended

Section 1. Scope – Sections 144 (B) and (C), and 145 (C) of the National Internal Revenue Code (NIRC) of 1997, as amended by the Republic Act (RA) Nos. 11346 and 11467, in the Products Regulation Act,” mandate the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) to prescribe the floor price of Cigarettes, Heated Tobacco Products, and Vapor Products.

Pursuant to the provisions of the Sections 244 and 245 of the NIRC of 1997, as amended, these Regulations are hereby promulgated in order to update the floor price of Cigarette, Heated Tobacco, and Vapor Products prescribed in Revenue Memorandum Circular (RMC) No. 49-2023, which revised the floor prices set forth in Section 6 of revenue Regulations (RR) No. 14-2022 and RMC No. 79-2022.

Section 2. Definition of Terms – For purposes of these regulations, the words and phrases listed hereunder are defined as follows:

E-marketplace – refers to an online intermediary that allows participating merchants to exchange information about products or services into an electronic commerce transaction.

Floor Price – refers to the minimum price of cigarette, heated tobacco and vapor products per unit, which shall be equivalent to the total reasonable production cost/expenses of the cheapest brand per tobacco product in the sum of the excise tax and VAT.

Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs) – refer to tobacco products that may be consumed through heating tobacco, either electrically or through other means sufficiently to release an aerosol that can be inhaled, without burning or any combustion of the tobacco. Heated tobacco products include liquid solutions and gels that are part of the product and are heated to generate an aerosol.

Seller – a person engaged in the business of selling consumer products directly to consumers. It includes online sellers or merchants or any person or entity selling products or services to customers through an e-marketplace. It shall also include a supplier or distributor; (2) the seller interchanges personnel or maintains common or overlapping officers or directors with the supplier or distributor; or (3) the supplier or distributor provides or excises supervision, direction or control over the selling practices of the seller.

Vapor Products – shall mean Electronic Nicotine and Non- Nicotine Delivery systems (ENDS/ENNDS), which are combinations of (i) a liquid solution or gel, that transforms into an aerosol without combustion through the employment of a mechanical or electronic heating element, battery or circuit that can be used to heat such solution or gel, and includes, but is not limited to (ii) a cartridge, (iii) a tank, and (iv) the device without a cartridge or tank. It is commonly known as a nicotine salt/salt nicotine, and conventional ‘freebase’ or ‘classic’ nicotine, and other similar products. All vapor products shall be covered regardless of its nicotine content.

Section 3. Floor Price – Provided hereunder are the updated floor prices for the subject tobacco products:

A. Cigarettes

B. Heated Tobacco Products

C. Vapor Products
1. Nicotine Salt or Salt Nicotine

2. Conventional ‘ Freebase’ or ‘Classic’ Nicotine

The above floor prices shall only be used as reference for taxation purposes in the absence of other documents/proof as to the actual price of the product that is higher than the identified floor price.

Section 4. Penalties – Selling of tobacco products at a price lower than the combined excise and value-added taxes imposed under the law shall be prohibited.

Under Section 145 (C) of the NIRC of 1997, as amended, the seller of such products shall be punished with a fine of not less than ten (10) times the amount of excise plus value-added taxes due but not less than Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,00.00) nor more than Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), and imprisonment of not less than four (4) years but not more than six (6) years.

Under Section 263-A of the same code, as amended, any person who sells heated tobacco products and vapor products at a price lower than the combined excise and value-added taxes shall be punished with a fine of not less than ten (10) times the amount of excise tax plus value-added tax due but not less than Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) nor more than Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), and imprisonment of not less than four (4) years but not more than six (6) years.

Section 5. Repealing/Amendatory Clause – All existing rules, regulations, issuances or parts thereof contrary to or inconsistent with the provisions of these Regulations are hereby repealed, amended or modified accordingly.

Section 6. Separability Clause – If any of the provisions of these Regulations is subsequently declared unconstitutional or invalid, the validity of the remaining provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect.

Section 7 Effectivity – These Regulations shall take effect fifteen days following the publication thereof in the Official Gazette or the BIR’s official website, whichever comes first.

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